這10種雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤千萬(wàn)要避免

邏輯混亂是中國(guó)雅思考生寫(xiě)作的一大弊病，很多考生在雅思寫(xiě)作考試中，往往會(huì)想到哪兒寫(xiě)到哪兒，導(dǎo)致整個(gè)文章結(jié)構(gòu)松散，還會(huì)常犯一些低級(jí)的邏輯錯(cuò)誤。小編整理了10種容易導(dǎo)致丟分的雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤，考生們千萬(wàn)要引以為戒哦！

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤1.草率前提 (Dicto Simpliciter)
　　例如：Women are on average not as strong as men and less able to perform well politically. Therefore, women can't pull their weight in government work.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：雖然女性確實(shí)在政界擔(dān)任較少工作，但這不意味著女性群體中所有的人都是這樣。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤2.過(guò)度概化 (Hasty Generalization)
　　例如：McDonald's and KFC offer foods with little nutrition, and thus we cannot expect any fast food restaurant to provide us with nutritious foods.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：兩個(gè)個(gè)例不足以推出一個(gè)真理。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤3.因果顛倒 (Post Hoc)
　　例如：Most young criminals watch violent movies before they commit their crimes; obviously, violent movies lead to juvenile delinquency.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：甲事情發(fā)生在乙事情之前，這并不代表著先發(fā)生的甲事情就是后發(fā)生的乙事情的原因。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤4.矛盾前提 (Contradictory Premises)
　　例如：If God can do everything, can he make a stone so heavy that he can't carry?
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：前提條件中就有相互矛盾的地方，結(jié)論當(dāng)然是錯(cuò)誤的。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤5.感性論證 (Ad Misericordiam)
　　例如：Think of all the poor, starving African children! How could rich countries be so cruel as not to help them?
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：抒情是不能當(dāng)作論證的。

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雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤6.錯(cuò)誤類比 (False Analogy)
　　例如：Young children are like flowers---flowers should stay away from terrible weather to grow, so children need to get rid of everything negative.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：孩子和花朵的區(qū)別太大。成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程也太復(fù)雜。最好不要用這兩者來(lái)類比。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤7.虛假假設(shè) (Hypothesis Contrary to Fact)
　　例如：If TV were not invented, today people would never have such wonderful entertainment brought by TV.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：因?yàn)殡娨曇呀?jīng)被發(fā)明了，對(duì)于過(guò)去的否定假設(shè)后所得出的結(jié)論都是邏輯上的錯(cuò)誤結(jié)論。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤8.無(wú)關(guān)轉(zhuǎn)移 (Red Herring)
　　例如：Many people say we need to exploit the outer space, a point which I believe is wrong, because there are so many poor people on Earth who hardly make ends meet.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：有一個(gè)問(wèn)題沒(méi)解決并不代表著另一個(gè)問(wèn)題不值得解決。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤9.從眾錯(cuò)誤 (Bandwagon)
　　例如：Everyone says it is justified to learn a second language so we must learn one.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：人人都說(shuō)，或者大多數(shù)都說(shuō)，這并不意味著該觀點(diǎn)正確。

雅思寫(xiě)作邏輯錯(cuò)誤10.滑坡謬誤 (Slippery slope)
　　例如：If we don't care about the environment, the world will die in 50 years.
　　點(diǎn)評(píng)：從環(huán)境問(wèn)題到世界滅亡，中間有無(wú)數(shù)環(huán)節(jié)未提供論證。

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