【教師解析】2014年12月6日雅思閱讀真題解析

本次考試題型方面繼續(xù)延續(xù)經(jīng)典的配對(duì)、判斷、填空和選擇，判斷題部分延續(xù)經(jīng)典比例，出到了12題。提醒廣大考生在備考的時(shí)候還是要注意主流題型的復(fù)習(xí)以及查漏補(bǔ)缺。

Reading Passage 1
　　文章話題：科技類
　　考察題型：7 判斷 6 表格填空
　　文章題目：Wallpaper
　　內(nèi)容詳情：Wallpaper的發(fā)展
　　備考建議：判斷題和填空題的搭配對(duì)于考生而言，相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單。兩種題型都是順序出題。表格填空題，審題時(shí)找出定位詞的同時(shí)，一定要注意對(duì)于答案的預(yù)測(cè)，可以很好地幫助減少做題時(shí)間。此種背景話題的文章，結(jié)構(gòu)層次一般按照時(shí)間的先后順序發(fā)展，條理比較清晰。
推薦閱讀文章：C8T2P1 （題目類型和文章類型基本類似）

Reading Passage 2
　　文章話題：醫(yī)學(xué)類
　　考察題型：5 段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì) 2 句子填空 6 多選
　　文章題目：Twins
　　內(nèi)容詳情：Twins在多大程度上受到基因的影響，牽涉到飲食習(xí)慣、遺傳疾病、性格取向。涉及到各個(gè)大學(xué)在不同地方做的研究。
　　備考建議：此部分題型疊加起來(lái)看起來(lái)還是蠻難的，考生在做題的時(shí)候需要沉著應(yīng)對(duì)。
參考閱讀材料：C9T3P2（考題搭配類型和此文章類似）

Reading Passage 3
　　文章話題：藝術(shù)類
　　考察題型：4 單選 5 判斷 5 人名觀點(diǎn)配對(duì)
　　文章題目：Graffiti
　　內(nèi)容詳情：人們的接受程度，以及它的好處，存在的原因和人們對(duì)它的認(rèn)同或分歧(紐約城市)
　　備考建議：此部分題型難度略減，考生如果先做此篇文章，相對(duì)比較順手。但是如果在上一篇文章用了過(guò)多的時(shí)間，這部分更需要沉著和耐心。做題過(guò)程中，可以采用一定的套題模式，靈活搭配做題的先后順序，提升做題的速度。

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　　推薦閱讀材料：
　　Graffiti-Art or Crime?

A.People love to make their mark, and graffiti such as initials or drawings written or spray-painted onto subways, walls or footpaths is a universal phenomenon. It has existed since ancient times, and one of the oldest pieces of still-existing graffiti is an advertisement for a brothel in the ancient town of Ephesus, in Greece. There are many types of graffiti, and also a variety of views about it. Some see it as an art form, some use it as a form of protest against authority, others regard it as needless and destructive vandalism, and it is often seen as the precursor of gang-related crime in a neighborhood.
　　B.The heyday of graffiti was in New York City in the 1970s. At that time, there was little money for the policing of graffiti, and artists targeted the subways and subway cars in particular. Graffiti became so popular at this time that artists wanted to identify their own particular work. They began to create distinctive stylised signatures and thus the art of tagging was born. Sales of spray paint increased significantly at this time, as more and more street artists began to explore this new medium of expression, and graffiti became bigger and more elaborate. Artists were competing to cover the whole city of New York with their work, and finally the Metro Transit Authority began to battle with graffiti artists, locking gates and removing pictures from subway trains. At the same time, graffiti began making its way into art galleries, as the established art world began to recognize it as a legitimate modern art form.
　　C.By the 80s, graffiti culture in New York was beginning to decline. It was becoming associated with the local drug scene, and legal penalties for vandalism became more severe at this time. In particular, the MTA hugely increased its anti-graffiti budget, and it became much harder for artists to create elaborate pieces on subway cars, so graffiti was restricted to the streets, where it has stayed until today. By mid-1986, the ‘war on graffiti’ was being won, and there were fewer graffiti artists in New York. In the 90s, under mayor Rudolph Guiliani, the anti-tagging task force set out to eradicate graffiti vandals by banning sales of spray paint to under 18s and by hugely increasing fines for the offence.
　　D.Of course, graffiti is not only a North American phenomenon, and there are thriving cultures throughout the world, especially in Brazil where graffiti is endemic. Some people say that the huge gap between rich and poor in the country has fuelled the growth of graffiti as a form of anonymous political protest against economic injustice. It is also becoming more common in various countries in the Middle East, probably also as a protest by people who feel marginalised or repressed by existing political regimes. In general, cities around the world have problems with graffiti artists, who are often seen by the establishment as mindless, drug-fuelled vandals.
　　E.This is particularly the case with tagging, as one common use of tags is as turf markers for gangs, who use them to mark out territory in a neighborhood. Tagging is seen as the first sign of gang activity in an area and, consequently, many cities seek to stamp it out to prevent the growth of crime and lawlessness. Common methods for fighting graffiti include banning sales of spray paint, the creation of online tagging databases, fines, and even imprisonment, but the taggers continue, seeing an arrest as a badge of honor rather than as a deterrent. At the same time, graffiti has become a recognized art form with commercial uses by companies such as Sony and even ultra-conservative IBM, which was recently fined to pay for the cleanup of a graffiti-based advertising campaign.
　　F.So is graffiti a form of mindless, criminal vandalism, or is it a vibrant and exciting modern art form? As with so many phenomena of modern life, this is all in the eye of the observer.

　　相關(guān)題型：Multiple Choice
　　Choose the appropriate letters A, B, C or D.

1. Graffiti includes 　
　　A. drawings on walls.   　　B. initials on footpaths.
　　C. drawings and initials on subways.  D. all of the above.
　　2. According to the reading passage,
　　A. graffiti was common in ancient Greece.
　　B. one of the oldest known examples of graffiti is in Ephesus.
　　C. graffiti has only existed in the last hundred years.
　　D. all of the above.
　　3. The ‘heyday’ of graffiti means
　　A. the time it was the most popular.
　　B. the time there was the least graffiti.
　　C. the way graffiti artists talked to each other.
　　D. all of the above.
　　4. ‘Tagging’ refers to
　　A. graffiti done with spray paint.
　　B. graffiti on subway cars and walls.
　　C. personal stylised signatures.
　　D. all of the above.
　　5. To say graffiti became a ‘legitimate modern art form’ meant
　　A. it was often sold for large sums of money.
　　B. it was not removed, like other graffiti was.
　　C. some people considered it a valid style of art.
　　D. all of the above.

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