托福TPO3綜合寫(xiě)作真題及解題技巧解析

托福綜合寫(xiě)作是托�？荚嚨碾y點(diǎn)之一，全面考察考生快速閱讀、聽(tīng)取關(guān)鍵信息和原文復(fù)述的能力。很多考生都會(huì)把托福備考重心放在獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作上，往往忽略了托福綜合寫(xiě)作部分。實(shí)際上，托福綜合寫(xiě)作也是占到了作文總分30分里面的50%的分值，換言之二者同等重要，不可偏廢。

其實(shí)，我們之所以綜合寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)不高，很大程度上是受我們的聽(tīng)力實(shí)力的影響，換句話說(shuō)，當(dāng)我們很多考友的聽(tīng)力分?jǐn)?shù)只有15 分上下的時(shí)候，我們對(duì)于綜合寫(xiě)作的聽(tīng)力真的是束手無(wú)策。小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了“托福TPO3綜合寫(xiě)作真題及解析”，供各位備考托福的考生們參考使用，希望大家善用托福寫(xiě)作真題，考出好的成績(jī)！

托福TPO3綜合寫(xiě)作真題及解析

　　托福TPO3綜合寫(xiě)作題目 Reading Part:

Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutch painters. However, there are doubts whether some paintings attributed to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting is known as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed the representation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraits known to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that suggest it could not be a work by Rembrandt.
　　First, there is something inconsistent about the way the woman in the portrait is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear-yet the coat she is wearing has a luxurious fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects’ clothing, would not have been guilty of such an inconsistency. Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and shadow, but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated by light reflected onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow-which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.
　　Finally, examination of the back of the painting reveals that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood glued together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels, no painting known to be by Rembrandt uses a panel glued together in this way from several pieces of wood.
　　For these reasons the painting was removed from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.

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　　中文解析：

倫勃朗是十七世紀(jì)荷蘭最富盛名的畫(huà)家。然后，對(duì)于有些畫(huà)作是否確實(shí)出自他手卻是頗有爭(zhēng)議的。有一副有爭(zhēng)議的畫(huà)歸于倫勃朗名下是因?yàn)槠滹L(fēng)格屬于倫勃朗，同時(shí)畫(huà)上女子的面龐也同倫勃朗其他畫(huà)作中的人物非常類似的。然而，這幅畫(huà)中存在的一些問(wèn)題卻表明這幅畫(huà)不是倫勃朗的作品。
　　首先，這幅畫(huà)上的一個(gè)問(wèn)題就是畫(huà)中女子的衣著有些不協(xié)調(diào)。她帶著一個(gè)白色的亞麻帽子，這是一種仆人才會(huì)戴的帽子。但是穿的衣服卻有一個(gè)奢華的皮草領(lǐng)子，這樣的衣服是仆人階層所不能承受的。以關(guān)注作品服飾細(xì)節(jié)著稱的倫勃朗是不會(huì)在作品中發(fā)這樣的錯(cuò)誤的。
　　第二，倫勃朗是光影大師，但是在這幅作品中光影卻是不協(xié)調(diào)的。人物的面龐被來(lái)自下面的光照亮了，但是面部下面卻是深色的皮草領(lǐng)子。這個(gè)深色的皮草領(lǐng)子應(yīng)該是吸光而不是反光的，所以面部應(yīng)該呈現(xiàn)的是半明半暗的狀態(tài)，而不是全部都是亮的。倫勃朗是絕不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤的。
　　最后，對(duì)于畫(huà)作背側(cè)的檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)這幅畫(huà)的木板是有幾塊木頭粘在一起的。盡管倫勃朗常常會(huì)在木板上作畫(huà)，但是尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)倫勃朗使用幾塊拼接的木板作畫(huà)。因?yàn)樯鲜鲈�因，這幅畫(huà)在1930年代從倫勃朗的官方畫(huà)作目錄中移除了。

托福TPO3綜合寫(xiě)作題目 Listening Part:

Professor
　　Everything you just read about "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet" is true, and yet after a thorough re-examination of the painting, a panel of experts has recently concluded that it's indeed a work by Rembrandt. Here is why.
　　First, the fur collar. X-rays and analysis of the pigments in the paint have shown that the fur collar wasn't part of the original painting. The fur collar was painted over the top of the original painting about a hundred years after the painting was made. Why? Someone probably wanted to increase the value of the painting by making it look like a formal portrait of an aristocratic lady.
　　Second, the supposed error with light and shadow. Once the paint of the added fur color was removed, the original could be seen, in the original painting, the woman is wearing a simple collar of light-colored cloth. The light-colored cloth of this collar reflects light that illuminates part of the woman's face. That's why the face is not in partial shadow. So in the original painting, light and shadow are very realistic and just what we would expect from Rembrandt.
　　Finally, the wood panel. It turns out that when the fur collar was added, the wood panel was also enlarged with extra wood pieces glued to the sides and the top to make the painting more grand and more valuable. So the original painting is actually painted on a single piece of wood, as would be expected from a Rembrandt painting. And in fact, researchers have found that the piece of wood in the original form of "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet" is from the very same tree as the wood panel used for another painting by Rembrandt, his "Self-portrait with a Hat".

中文解析：

剛才你讀到的關(guān)于“戴白帽的老嫗”的說(shuō)法都是真的。但是經(jīng)過(guò)專家小組對(duì)這幅畫(huà)徹底的檢查，最近確定這幅畫(huà)確實(shí)是倫勃朗的作品。
　　原因如下：
　　首先是皮草領(lǐng)子。專家小組用 X 光檢查并分析了畫(huà)上的顏料，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)皮草領(lǐng)子不是原畫(huà)作的組成部分。這個(gè)皮草領(lǐng)子是在成畫(huà)后一百年之后直接畫(huà)在原畫(huà)上面的。這么做的目的是什么呢?可能是有人想讓這幅畫(huà)看起來(lái)像是一個(gè)貴族女子的正式畫(huà)像，以為這樣可以提高畫(huà)的價(jià)值。
　　第二，所謂的光影問(wèn)題。只要把這個(gè)后加上來(lái)的皮草領(lǐng)子移除，我們就能看到原畫(huà)。在原畫(huà)上，這個(gè)女人穿的是一個(gè)有這單領(lǐng)的淺色袍子。這個(gè)帶領(lǐng)子的淺色袍子能夠把光反射到女人的臉上。這是為什么這個(gè)女人的臉上沒(méi)有呈現(xiàn)出半明半暗的狀態(tài)。所以呢，原畫(huà)上的光影是具備倫勃朗應(yīng)該具有的寫(xiě)實(shí)風(fēng)格的。
　　最后，木板的問(wèn)題。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在加上皮草領(lǐng)子的同時(shí)，木板也是被認(rèn)為的增大了。有人在原畫(huà)的上邊和側(cè)面粘上了木板，以期望可以使這幅畫(huà)看起來(lái)更大和更貴重。所以這幅話最初是畫(huà)在一個(gè)單塊木板上的，這樣就符合我們對(duì)倫勃朗風(fēng)格的期待了。同時(shí)，研究人員現(xiàn)這幅“戴白帽的老嫗”上所使用的木材同倫勃朗的另一幅畫(huà)所使用的木板來(lái)自同一顆樹(shù)。這幅畫(huà)是他的“戴帽子的自畫(huà)像”，這一點(diǎn)更有力地說(shuō)明了這幅畫(huà)是倫勃朗所作。

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