托福閱讀細(xì)節(jié)題：巧用邏輯詞

今天，以TPO23的兩篇閱讀文章為例，老師為大家講解巧用文章邏輯詞，快速準(zhǔn)確解決托福閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)題。

1.因果關(guān)系

在TPO23-1 Urban Climates中第5題中問到：“why do materials in the countryside have a lower heat capacity than materials in cities do? ”題目問的是鄉(xiāng)村貯存能量物質(zhì)和城市貯存能量物質(zhì)相比有一個(gè)較低的熱容量的原因，既然問的是原因，在解題是我們就要主動(dòng)關(guān)注可以表原因的邏輯詞，例如because、since、for等。

在該段內(nèi)我們可以通過lower heat capacity 定位到“But in the countryside materials have a significantly lower heat capacity because a vegetative blanket prevents heat from easily flowing into and out of the ground.”這句話�？焖贋g覽該句，我們可以看到該句的后半段出現(xiàn)了“because”一詞，那么此題需要的原因就是“a vegetative blanket prevents heat from easily flowing into and out of the ground”。

此時(shí)我們再來看四個(gè)選項(xiàng)：

A) In the countryside the Sun is the only important source of heat.
　　B) Construction materials in the city are not as good at keeping buildings warm as they are in the countryside.
　　C) In the countryside the solar heat that flows into the ground flows out again quickly.
　　D) Countryside vegetation prevents heat from being trapped in the ground.

不難看出，只有D選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了原文句子中的key words “vegetation” 與“heat”,所以該題的正確答案就是D.

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2.轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系

在TPO23-3 Rock art of the Australian Aborigines中第10題中問到：the complex figurative style differs from the geometric style in that the complex figurative style ?”題目問的是complex figurative style和geometric style的不同之處是什么。既然問的是不同之處，在解題是我們就要主動(dòng)關(guān)注可以表對比轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的邏輯詞，例如however、while、whereas或unlike等。

在該段落內(nèi)我們可以通過“complex figurative style”和“geometric style”定位到“Lesley Maynard, the archaeologist who coined the phrase “Panaramitee style,” suggested that a sequence could be determined for Australian rock art in which a geometric style gave way to a simple figurative style (outlines of figures and animals), followed by a range of complex figurative styles that, unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition tended to much greater regional diversity. “這句話。

通過快速瀏覽該句，我們可以看到該句后半段出現(xiàn)了“unlike”一詞，表示“與..不同”，那么此題需要的對比關(guān)系也就出現(xiàn)了“complex figurative styles that, unlike the pan-Australian geometric tradition tended to much greater regional diversity”,即“不同與泛澳大利亞的幾何圖形，complex figurative style具有更巨大的地域差異性”。此時(shí)我們再來看選項(xiàng)：

A) Varies significantly from region to region
　　B) Is more meaningful
　　C) Appears on only a few types of rocks
　　D) Has changed little over time

不難看出，只有A 選項(xiàng)提及了區(qū)域之間的變化較大，因此該題的正確答案是A。

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