2014年11月15日托福寫(xiě)作考前預(yù)測(cè)

2014年11月15日托福綜合寫(xiě)作考前預(yù)測(cè)

1.

Reading: 3 ways to make coal burning more environmentally friendly.

1. Coal burning can be more efficient by using new technology such as high pressure.

2. Coal washing can remove sulfide and other chemicals.

3. Carbon recapture and storage. Recycle CO2 and deposit them in the sea.

Listening: 反對(duì)：

1. Population will increase by 13% in next full years but the efficiency can only increase by 10% with the new technology. Demand of energy increase will compensate the saved amount of the increasing efficiency.

2. Coal washing transfer the pollution from the air to the ocean.

3. Carbon recapture will be very expense and risky. If the carbon leaks out, it will be very dangerous both for the environment and human being.

2.

Reading: mercury牙醫(yī)用來(lái)repair牙齒的一種物質(zhì)。閱讀說(shuō)應(yīng)該被禁止。

1. 影響健康。里面有種物質(zhì)吸收后會(huì)影響central nerve system帶來(lái)一系列病。

2.環(huán)境問(wèn)題。診所里用完后沖走進(jìn)入江河湖海，會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染威脅wildlife。

3. 可以代替的材料。有很多材料可以代替她，像陶瓷，金什么的。

Listening: 反對(duì)：

1. 它只有很少的量被人體吸收。不會(huì)帶來(lái)什么大問(wèn)題。有些人有問(wèn)題是他們過(guò)敏，然后這種過(guò)敏的比例很小。

2. 有一種device, S開(kāi)頭的，可以COLLECT這些solids所以不會(huì)帶來(lái)這些問(wèn)題。

3. 這種材料持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)效果好，其他材料不能代替。像金。太貴了。

3.

Reading: verifications of forts built in the Scotland的三個(gè)theory：

1. 與宗教活動(dòng)religious ceremonial rituals有關(guān)，verifications代表了一種Superpower, 可以帶來(lái)benefits；

2. 因?yàn)閍ttacker的fire; 當(dāng)attacker的flaming arrows射進(jìn)forts, 里面起支撐作用的木頭燃燒起來(lái)了，結(jié)果就vitrified了；

3. 當(dāng)時(shí)的builders故意為之，因?yàn)関itrified之后forts更加堅(jiān)固。

Listening: 逐一反駁：

1. 不可能是religious, 因?yàn)?00CE時(shí)建造的，那時(shí)已經(jīng)是基督教，然而基督教沒(méi)有認(rèn)為玻璃很重要；

2. 火燒的溫度太低，不可能達(dá)到verifications的degree, 要玻璃化必須要1000℃的高溫，而且要持續(xù)燃燒，然而那些火器燒木頭達(dá)不到這個(gè)溫度而且也不持續(xù)，所以不可能；

3. 不堅(jiān)固，因?yàn)椴Ａщm然硬，但是反而更脆弱，而事實(shí)上flexible的更好，比如說(shuō)loosen的石頭堆的堡壘更牢固，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詁end a little,可以reduce attack, 所以不是用來(lái)故意strengthen的。

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4.

Reading: 閱讀說(shuō)在Rhone river發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)bust,說(shuō)這個(gè)bust就是Caesar,是羅馬的一個(gè)leader.

1. 那個(gè)bust（a kind of sculpture) 是realism地形式表現(xiàn) 然后Caesar的時(shí)代也是realism的時(shí)代。

2. bust的hair的表現(xiàn) 和真實(shí)的Caesar一致 （跟money有關(guān)）

3. 因?yàn)槭窃趓iver里發(fā)現(xiàn),以前人們想銷毀它,,有新的leader上任,留著它是不respect.

Listening: 反駁閱讀論點(diǎn)

1. Realism continues after Caesar died.

2. Only the style of hair matches, other features do not match at all.

3. There were others sculpture also found in that river, and they were right added that bust. And throwing it into river, just aiming to dispose the trash.

5.

Reading:一些高中要求學(xué)生們每周做兩小時(shí)志愿者。文章覺(jué)得這樣是沒(méi)有用的，因?yàn)椋?/p>

1. 學(xué)生們可以取巧，在自己的家長(zhǎng)或者祖父母那里干活然后作為匯報(bào)；

2. 會(huì)讓學(xué)生們以后遠(yuǎn)離志愿者，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在是學(xué)校要求，他們?yōu)榱双@得回報(bào)采取這么做；

3. 學(xué)校的要求是破壞學(xué)生的權(quán)利，學(xué)校沒(méi)有權(quán)利強(qiáng)迫學(xué)生們?nèi)ミ@樣做，非法。

Listening: paragraph里面說(shuō)的是沒(méi)有道理的，因?yàn)椋?/p>

1. 學(xué)生自己的工作匯報(bào)只是檢驗(yàn)工作的一部分，我們和學(xué)生工作的地方的人聯(lián)系，專業(yè)的機(jī)構(gòu)(authority)還有官方的文件記載(official document of the city )來(lái)保證；

2. 學(xué)生們喜歡作者愿者，比如那些在醫(yī)院和幫助過(guò)小孩子們的學(xué)生覺(jué)得他們的經(jīng)歷很好(powerful experience)，并激發(fā)他們繼續(xù)做下去(motivate)；

3. 學(xué)校的要求不是破壞學(xué)生權(quán)利，如果高中能夠要求學(xué)生來(lái)上數(shù)學(xué)課，那志愿者作為一門課程為什么就不能夠?qū)嵭心兀瑢W(xué)生們?cè)趯W(xué)校上課就要完成學(xué)校要求的課程。

6.

Reading: 講地洞穴畫(huà), 這個(gè)洞穴畫(huà)是史前人類為了保證打獵順利而作

1. 畫(huà)里有大量動(dòng)物主題，而且有些是當(dāng)時(shí)首要狩獵對(duì)象，所以表現(xiàn)的都是狩獵場(chǎng)景。

2. 有出現(xiàn)人身獸頭的圖象，認(rèn)為是主角是獵人。

3. 史前人類作畫(huà)很多時(shí)候是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為畫(huà)有魔力，可以通過(guò)作畫(huà)影響一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)，所以畫(huà)出來(lái)的狩獵場(chǎng)景就是為了保證打獵順利而作。

Listening: 反駁觀點(diǎn)

1. 洞穴里有大量的動(dòng)物主題，但也有犀牛(F..K這個(gè)我忘記怎么拼了!!!!)和貓，這兩樣不怎么被狩獵，還有根本就沒(méi)出現(xiàn)reindeer，這個(gè)是那個(gè)時(shí)候最常被狩獵的動(dòng)物，沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，所以動(dòng)物主題和打獵不一定有關(guān)系。

2. 人身獸頭是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的人們相信他們的祖先的靈魂會(huì)附在動(dòng)物身上，為了和祖先交流，他們會(huì)舉辦一些儀式活動(dòng)，這些獸頭很可能是為了這種儀式才畫(huà)上去的。而且說(shuō)是獵人，那么打獵的活動(dòng)獵人形象應(yīng)該是站著的，可是畫(huà)上的人是horizontal的，所以這個(gè)解釋站不住腳。

3. 動(dòng)物崇拜。人們?cè)诳謶中睦砗蜕衩馗械闹�配下所產(chǎn)生的對(duì)動(dòng)物的理想寄托。畫(huà)上除了描繪常見(jiàn)動(dòng)物，也有像龍和鳳凰的輪廓，證明了人們描繪動(dòng)物是對(duì)神的崇拜。

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7.

Reading: yellow legged frog population decline的三個(gè)原因：

1. Introduction of trout;

2. Pesticide;

3. Fungal disease.

Listening: 進(jìn)行反駁：

1. Introduction happened before declined population of frog;

2. Pesticide is at the downhill, but the frog is at the uphill;

3. The skin of frog can produce chemical to protect them from infecting fungal disease.

8.

Reading: 一個(gè)什么動(dòng)物在很久以前身軀很大的原因：

1. 那時(shí)候氧氣含量很多。

2. plant 很多。

3. Warm climate.

Listening: 反對(duì)觀點(diǎn)

1. 氧氣含量其實(shí)比現(xiàn)在還少。（很多百分比，聽(tīng)糊涂了，這樣不確定）

2. plant是很多，但是營(yíng)養(yǎng)很少 。

3. Warm climate is actually a disadvantage, because the animal needed to cool off. More

surface area, 更容易散熱；小動(dòng)物體表特征大(鼻子，耳朵等)，占表面積多。

9.

Reading: Iron fertilization

1. Not efficient, in experiment, only few carbon dioxide could be absorbed.

2. Produce toxic chemical materials which will harm the local fish industry. Human beings will be harmed also if they eat those toxic fishes.

3. Cause bad impact to ocean biology system. Damage ocean’s bio-system balance.

Listening: against the reading

1. Experiment is too short, only for 1 month. Actually, the 2nd and third month, absorption of carbon dioxide will gradually increase. Most of CO2 are consumed in the last month which cannot be observed in the short experiment.

2. Only limited area will generate these toxic materials. Stop to use this method in those area then.

3. global warming’s risk is greater than Regional Ocean’s bio-system risk. So we should concern more about global warming, ignore ocean's biology system damage.

10.

Reading: 閱讀關(guān)于新物種引入所帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響

1. Imported species may do harm to local ecosystem.

2. Imported species destroy the useful aspects of local species.

3. Imported species add the local economic burden.

Listening: 分別反駁三個(gè)觀點(diǎn)

1. imported species doesn’t always do harm to local ecosystem，以agriculture為例，外來(lái)物種和本地物種雜交，提高糧食產(chǎn)量。

2. Imported species doesn’t always destroy the useful aspects of local species, it depends on local circumstance. 以Florida引進(jìn)的toad為例雖有壞處，但還是解決了害蟲(chóng)問(wèn)題。

3. imported species adds the local economic burden, it depends on local circumstance.以

Mesquite imported into Africa為例，food and firewood, furniture.

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關(guān)鍵詞：11月15日 托福寫(xiě)作 考前預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng)

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2014年11月15日托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作考前預(yù)測(cè)

1. People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology designed to make our life simply actually makes our life more complicated.

3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should support artists rather than allow them to support themselves.

5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Improving schools is the most important factor in the successful development of a country.

6. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members, so there is no need for the government to help them.

7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Having a job with a low-paying salary but that is highly secure is better than having a job with a high salary but that is easy to lose.

8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Getting advice from people who are older than you is more valuable than from people of your age.

9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past young people depended on their parents for making decisions. Today, young people are better able to make decisions on their own.

10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.

11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In 20 years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.

12. Do you agree or disagree that: spend time alone is the truly best way to relax the stress.

13. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Professional athletes who receive high salaries, such as football and basketball players, deserve what they get.

14. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teaching was a harder job in the past than it is today.

15. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most of the environmental issues are too complex today, so individuals can do nothing about them.

16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephone has had greater effects on people’s lives than TV.

17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not take part-time jobs when they study in university.

18. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.

19. Should parents help their children with schoolwork or encourage them to do their schoolwork independently?

20. During times of economic crisis, which area of spending do you think the government should reduce: education, healthcare or support for the unemployed?

關(guān)鍵詞：11月15日 托福寫(xiě)作 考前預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng)

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