2014年11月托福寫作預(yù)測機(jī)經(jīng)及思路梳理

很多同學(xué)在拿到托福寫作機(jī)經(jīng)之后，仍然會沒有思路，想不到例證，所以不給寫作思路的機(jī)經(jīng)都不是好機(jī)經(jīng)。因此，針對這種情況，筆者從2014年11月份的托福寫作小范圍機(jī)經(jīng)中精心篩選出幾道難度較大的題目，并對其進(jìn)行思路梳理和事例佐證，希望對考生的寫作有所幫助。
　　NO.1
　　Agree of disagree:
　　The food we ate in the past is healthier than the food today。
　　解析：題目實際上是一種古今對比的題目，即過去和現(xiàn)在食物的健康性對比。對于古今對比類題目筆者推薦使用“總分總”的結(jié)構(gòu)，在段內(nèi)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在和過去進(jìn)行對比論證，即現(xiàn)在如何如何，過去如何如何。筆者的觀點(diǎn)是同意，認(rèn)為食物在過去比現(xiàn)在更健康。
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　理由一：農(nóng)藥化肥的使用：(agriculture chemicals/ fertilizer)隨著現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)(農(nóng)藥化肥)的使用，現(xiàn)在的食物被污染了,過去的食物是純天然的，(To begin with, the wide use of agriculture chemicals and fertilizers make the food today unhealthier than the food in the past). This is because the food today are polluted by these chemical material. For example, in the past, people cleaned the weeps to safeguard the corn in the field by manual labors. However, farmers will use herbicide and chemicals to achieve this goal. Therefore, some poisonous material will remain on the crops we eat.

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　　理由二：飲食習(xí)慣的改變：(changes in the habit of eating are another factor in making the food today much unhealthier) 隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快，人們更多的會選擇吃快餐，而這些快餐是一些垃圾食品，對我們的身體會有負(fù)面影響，比如說造成肥胖，疾病等。(with the life pace accelerating, people today tend to eat the fast food which is nothing but junk food. By contrast, in the past, people have more spare time, they would like to cook by themselves) 在過去人們生活更加悠閑，所以會選擇在家里自己做飯。
　　結(jié)尾段：有些人認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的食物比過去的食物更健康，因為人們吃的食物種類比以前更豐富了。但是這個理由和我們觀點(diǎn)的理由比起來暗淡無光。 所以我還是認(rèn)為過去的食物比現(xiàn)在的食物更健康。(Some people may assert that food today is much healthier, because there are more diverse food than before. However, this reason seems lackluster compared with that of our opinion.)
　　NO.2
　　A/D: Teachers today are not respected as much as they were in the past.
　　解析：這道題目同樣是古今對比，所以同樣的立論文。筆者的觀點(diǎn)是同意，認(rèn)為過去的人們更尊重老師。
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)
　　理由一：知識來源增多了，降低了教師的權(quán)威性。there are more sources of information and knowledge today. 在過去，老師是唯一的知識來源，老師所說的話就是權(quán)威，而現(xiàn)在學(xué)生可以從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和書籍中去獲取知識，老師的地位受到挑戰(zhàn).

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　　理由二：教育體制的改變，老師的角色發(fā)生了變化, (with the reforms of educational system, the role of teachers has changed a lot).過去是教師主導(dǎo)，現(xiàn)在是學(xué)生主導(dǎo)的課堂 (in the past , teacher-oriented class, today, student-oriented class)跟老師頂嘴，打斷老師的說話，擾亂課堂秩序，課下見了老師不打招呼
　　結(jié)尾段：綜上所述，現(xiàn)在的老師不如以前受尊重了，因為孩子獲得知識的途徑增加了和課堂角色的變化。
　　NO.3
　　A/D:
　　School teachers should be required to take courses every five years to update their knowledge.
　　解析：這個題目是一個“應(yīng)不應(yīng)該的問題”，筆者建議大家使用“總分總”的結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，觀點(diǎn)明確。我們的觀點(diǎn)是同意，認(rèn)為老師應(yīng)該每五年跟新知識。
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　理由一：對老師好，可以增強(qiáng)老師的能力(School teachers should take courses every five years to update their knowledge for improving the quality and ability of teachers especially the improvement of teaching methods and operation of advanced teaching instrument)教學(xué)方法(immersed teaching method, grammar teaching method, Video audio method)，教學(xué)儀器的使用，(電腦,多媒體)
　　理由二：對學(xué)生好，可以給學(xué)生更全面的知識，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對學(xué)習(xí)的興趣Requiring teachers to update their knowledge is beneficial for students because the improvement of teachers’ teaching ability can enhance the efficiency of class. ，比如說一個英語老師如果了解希臘神話的話，可以在教授八大行星的名稱的時候，結(jié)合神話里的人物名稱來讓學(xué)生的更好的學(xué)習(xí)。

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　　結(jié)尾段：雖然每五年更新知識會占用老師的休閑時間，影響他們的休息，但是這個缺點(diǎn)與優(yōu)點(diǎn)相比不值一提，所以我還是認(rèn)為老師應(yīng)該每五年更新知識。
　　NO.4
　　A/D: It is better for government to spend money on building future housing or preserving historic or traditional buildings and homes?
　　解析: 這個題目有明顯的兩個方面，即“建造未來的房子”還是 “保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)的建筑”， 這樣的題目使用“讓步+轉(zhuǎn)折+遞進(jìn)”，這樣的話兩個方面各想1-2個理由就好了。
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　讓步段： 不可否認(rèn)，投資于建造新建筑上好，因為可以提升人們的生活質(zhì)量。(Admittedly, it is good for government to spend money on building future housing in order to improve the quality of life. Construction of new hospital and apartment can serve as two examples to shed lights on this point. )
　　轉(zhuǎn)折段：但是，投資保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)建筑也是極好的，因為可以保證文化的代代傳承。(However, it is also good for government to spend money on preserving the traditional buildings for the sake of passing on the culture from generation to generation. The reason underlying this claim is that the traditional buildings are a good symbol of our culture. )
　　遞進(jìn)段：因此，我不能同意政府把錢投資到建設(shè)新建筑要比投資到保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)建筑上更好。 在我看來，保護(hù)舊建筑要比建設(shè)新建筑更重要，因為歷史建筑物可以作為景點(diǎn)來吸引游客，從而促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。 (In the final analysis, I can hardly agree that spending money on new buildings is much better than investing money in traditional buildings. From my perspective, the benefits of preserving old buildings outnumbers those of constructing new houses, in that historic buildings can act as a tourist attraction and thus boost the development of economy.)

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　　NO.5
　　A/D:
　　Improving school is the most important factor to successful development of a country.
　　解析：這個題目含有一個明顯的絕對詞，即the most important，所以這個題目筆者建議使用“讓步à轉(zhuǎn)折à遞進(jìn)”的方式來展開，這樣就不需要要想出兩道三個分論點(diǎn)。
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　讓步段： 不可否認(rèn)，改善學(xué)校對國家的健康發(fā)展很重要，因為教育有助于提高全民的整體素質(zhì)。小學(xué)教育和大學(xué)教育可以作為兩個很好的例子。小學(xué)：形成正確的價值觀和世界觀。大學(xué)：為國家培養(yǎng)個專業(yè)人才：外交人才，工程人才，(Admittedly, improving school is an important factor to successful development of a country, in that education can contribute to the improvement of the public quality. The elementary education and the higher education can serve as two example to shed light on this point. )
　　轉(zhuǎn)折段：但是，改善環(huán)境對國家健康發(fā)展也很重要，因為干凈的環(huán)境對于全民的身體健康有重要影響。(However, bettering the environment is another important factor to the successful development of a country, for a clean environment has an important effect on the health of the public. As we know, the development of a country is closely related to the health of its people. )
　　遞進(jìn)段：因此，我不能同意改善學(xué)校是國家健康發(fā)展的最重要的因素。在我看來，改善環(huán)境要比改善學(xué)校更加重要，因為一個健康的身體是一切活動(包括教育)的前提。 (In the final analysis, I can hardly agree that improving schools is the most important factor. From my perspective, bettering environment is more important than improving school, in that physical health is the precondition of all activities including the improvement of education.)

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　　NO. 6
　　In order to succeed, you should be more like others than be different from everyone else.
　　解析：這個題目含有兩個方面，即“與別人一樣”和“與別人不一樣”，所以使用“讓步-轉(zhuǎn)折-遞進(jìn)”的結(jié)構(gòu)來寫，
　　全文思路結(jié)構(gòu)：
　　讓步段：誠然，跟他人一樣會成功，可以借鑒他人的經(jīng)驗，找到成功的訣竅。(Admittedly, people who are like others can achieve success, because they can gain some useful experience and thus find the key to success much easily)比如說，我大表哥在剛進(jìn)入大學(xué)的時候，會去向?qū)W長咨詢?nèi)绾潍@得獎學(xué)金，學(xué)長告訴了他很多方面的經(jīng)驗，比如說要多參加班級內(nèi)的活動，多寫論文，然后我的大表哥就按照學(xué)長的建議開始好好準(zhǔn)備，最終獲得了國家獎學(xué)金。
　　轉(zhuǎn)折段：然而，與他人不一樣也會成功，因為你可以充分發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢，在競爭中脫穎而出。 (However, being different from others can also make us successful, in that you can put your strength into full play and thus stand out in competition. )例子Bill Gates, Steve Jobs的經(jīng)歷。
　　結(jié)尾段：因此，我很難同意跟別人一樣比跟別人不一樣更容易成功。 在我看來，這要取決于生活的不同方面。在學(xué)習(xí)上，我們要盡量和別人一樣，這樣會與他人處理好關(guān)系，從而交到更多朋友。相反，在工作中，我們要盡量和他人不同，這樣才能在激烈的競爭中脫穎而出。
　　上述題目，筆者給出了思路和盡可能多的例證，希望托友們能從中有所啟發(fā)。

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