托福閱讀排除列舉題答題技巧

首先，我們需要知道托福閱讀排除列舉題的出題形式：

1. which of the following is NOT mentioned as x?
　　2. All of the following are mentioned as X EXCEPT?

在這兩種提問中，我們必須要注意問題中的否定詞NOT和EXECPT, 因此，我們應(yīng)該排除掉與原文相符合的選項(xiàng)，留下與原文相矛盾的選項(xiàng)或者原文未提及的選項(xiàng)作為正確答案。接下來，我們來重點(diǎn)看一下排除列舉題的做法。

做這類題目時，我們需要先看題干，找出具體的關(guān)鍵詞，然后定位到原文相關(guān)的段落，將四個選項(xiàng)與定位的句子進(jìn)行比較。如果沒有明顯的定位詞，我們可以閱讀四個選項(xiàng)，找出選項(xiàng)中的定位詞，一個一個回到原文進(jìn)行排除，最后剩下的即為正確答案。

現(xiàn)在，我們以TPO24 passage 1的12題為例，首先，題目問到：according to paragraph 6, residence time is affected by all of the following EXCEPT? 我們知道，題目問的是residence time受哪些因素的影響。

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然后，我們看paragraph 6, 明顯在第二句中提到了相關(guān)信息：it depends on the rate at which water enters the lake, and that depends on the rainfall and the evaporation rate.根據(jù)這句話，我們可以排除A. amount of rainfall B. rate of evaporation.

我們再接著文章往下看，第三句：climatic change(the result of global warming)is dramatically affecting the residence times of some lakes …,據(jù)此，我們可以排除C. temperature of surrounding air 我們可以在paragraph 6 最后一句話找到與D選項(xiàng)相關(guān)的句子：

the slowing down of water renewal leads to a chain of further consequences: it causes dissolved chemicals to become increasingly concentrated…，但該句說的是renewal 減慢帶來的影響是D選項(xiàng)，而不是影響residence time 的因素，所以D選項(xiàng)屬于與題目無關(guān)選項(xiàng)。，因此，此題的正確答案為D. concentration of chemicals in lake water

再看一例TPO5 passage 2 的7，題目：all of the following are mentioned in paragraph 3 as required for successful colonization of the pacific islands EXCEPT? 定位到原文的第一句：

the basic cultural requirements for the successful colonization of the pacific islands include the appropriate boat-building, sailing and navigation skills to get to the islands in the first place, domesticated plants and gardening skills suited to often marginal conditions, and a varied inventory of fishing implements and techniques.

這句話提到了B. a variety of fishing techniques C. navigational skills d. knowledge of plant cultivation, 因此，該句的正確答案為A. knowledge of various austronesian languages.

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