【雅思寫作】如何增強(qiáng)多樣性

雅思寫作如果是一味地模擬寫作模板就會(huì)使得文章顯得刻板無味，取得高分也無望了。在雅思寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，有一項(xiàng)是考察考生的用語多樣性的，所以如何使得文章變得更加有趣也是考生們需要考慮的方面。青島新通外語在此給大家提供一點(diǎn)關(guān)于豐富雅思寫作的建議，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

1詞性的多樣性

有調(diào)查指出，中國(guó)學(xué)生在作文中最常出現(xiàn)的詞性為動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)槲覀兡X中時(shí)刻緊記著以前語文老師要求的只有用動(dòng)詞才能寫出生動(dòng)的文章，才能體現(xiàn)我們的 博覽群書。然而英語中卻不盡然。通過對(duì)大多高分范文的分析，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，除了動(dòng)詞詞組的運(yùn)用，各種的名詞的使用更得考官的青睞，更能體現(xiàn)外國(guó)人的文風(fēng)。拿小 作文的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做例子，大家都知道增加、降低等動(dòng)詞的表達(dá)，如increase steadily, decrease sharply等，但轉(zhuǎn)換一種方式用名詞的形式表達(dá)，就更顯得多樣了,如experience a steady increase, undergo a sharp decrease。而如“surface”一詞，學(xué)生經(jīng)常只會(huì)用它的名詞用法“......的表面”，卻從來不用它的動(dòng)詞形式。如果你留心原版雜志和閱讀 材料,它的動(dòng)詞用法無處不在。例如“The fact of his plan surfaced”這里的“surface”就相當(dāng)于“appear”。所以不管什么詞性，只要用了不能的表達(dá)方法，其結(jié)果都是不同的。當(dāng)然是指正確的表 達(dá)方法。、

雅思寫作和其他考場(chǎng)作文一樣，受考查形式的制約，其評(píng)判本身是存在一定局限性的。換句話說，考官并不了解考生真實(shí)的寫作能力，或者具體到詞匯量 的大小，他只能根據(jù)這幾百個(gè)單詞的文章來進(jìn)行判斷，所以從應(yīng)試的角度來說，詞匯量相對(duì)有限的考生只要使文章中詞匯 “顯得比較豐富”就可以了。做到這點(diǎn)，主要有兩個(gè)方法:

第一、同義轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)想碰到一個(gè)懂中文的外國(guó)人，他在和你交談的過程中涉及到錢的話題，他不光會(huì)說中文的人民幣、鈔票，還會(huì)說大團(tuán)結(jié)、老人頭，甚 至連孔方兄都知道，你會(huì)覺得他的中文詞匯量小么?同樣的，一篇雅思作文中，如果你在表達(dá)“重要”這個(gè)出現(xiàn)頻率極高的意思的時(shí)候，除了important以 外，還可以把crucial,critical, vital, indispensable等詞信手拈來的話，有什么理由讓考官覺得你的詞匯量不足呢，當(dāng)然，或許你也就只積累了幾個(gè)寫作中高頻出現(xiàn)的詞匯而已，但效果已 經(jīng)達(dá)到了，不是么?

第二、詞匯活用。閱讀一些雅思官方范文，可以看到，很多詞不難，但是用得很恰當(dāng)，自己以前沒有這樣用過，這就是范文的高明之處了。詞匯量一方面 是指認(rèn)知詞匯的廣度，但另一方面就是掌握詞匯的深度了。很多詞匯，我們認(rèn)識(shí)，但不一定完全會(huì)用，比如benefit這個(gè)詞，它既可以做名詞，表示利益，好 處，也可以做動(dòng)詞，及物時(shí)表示使……受益，不及物時(shí)表示從……中受益，還可以衍生出beneficial有益處的和beneficiary受益人。因此如 果要表達(dá)某事物帶來好處這個(gè)意思，光用benefit這個(gè)詞的不同用法，就可以有五種以上的表達(dá)方式，更不用提句型的變化和同義詞的替換了。況且，把已經(jīng) 認(rèn)知的詞進(jìn)行用法上的拓展，遠(yuǎn)比記憶一個(gè)新詞要省時(shí)省力，而需要做的僅僅只是平時(shí)碰到的時(shí)候，記上一筆。

2 同義詞多樣性

在寫作中，如果一個(gè)相同的詞在250字的文中出現(xiàn)了不下三次，那么作為學(xué)生自己，也會(huì)覺得自己的文章沒有可看性，更別提考官，可見此學(xué)生語言功 底一般，又怎么拿得到高分。而如果一篇文章，關(guān)于同個(gè)詞卻有三四中表達(dá)方法，無疑給這篇文章加分不少。其實(shí)同義詞也是展現(xiàn)一個(gè)學(xué)生英語水平的一個(gè)媒介。中 國(guó)學(xué)生最常用的形容詞就是good，不管是修飾什么名詞，用上再說，殊不知這已經(jīng)給這篇文章打了個(gè)相對(duì)低的起評(píng)分，所以如何來表達(dá)不同的“好”呢?我們就 可以用excellent、marvellous、gorgeous、splendid、wonderful等。再如不要一想到“越來越多”就用 “more and more”嘗試用“an increasing number”這樣不同的詞來表達(dá)，勢(shì)必會(huì)給平淡的文章增添亮點(diǎn)。

3句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性

用豐富多彩的句型，也是雅思寫作能得高分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。例如有這樣一個(gè)句型：“If we don't recognize the...”，我們是否可以替換為："Failure to recognize..."，再如 “sth. happened in 1998.”，我們也可以替換為“1998 saw sth happening.”，這樣顯得更加的地道。此處還推薦學(xué)生能用不同的從句寫出漂亮的句子，為文章加分。當(dāng)然，這并不是意味著整篇文章都是復(fù)合句或并列 句，如果能很好的做到長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合，使文章通順連貫，也是能得到考官喜歡的。

開頭的多樣化雅思寫作句式：

A Begin sentence with an appositive

The forest ranger, an expert in forest fire control, talked to the campers about safety in the woods.

An expert in forest fire control, the forest ranger talked to the campers about safety in the woods.

the country’s biggest cellular operator, China Mobile is looking at tighter controls on Internet-related service providers, industry insiders say.

B Begin a sentence with an adverb

The fog was slowly settling down.

Slowly the fog was settling down.

Obviously enough, he himself can not handle the trouble by himself.

C Begin a sentence with an adjective or adjective phrase

Mr Boyd was very angry and began to defend his reputation with strong arguments.

Angry, Mr Boyd began to defend his reputation with strong argument.

Tired and frustrated, the teacher went home to have a rest.

D Begin sentences with participle phrases

I jogged very day and increased my energy level.

Jogging every day, I soon increased my energy level.

Tim was troubled by a dream and he woke up with a start.

Troubled by a dream, Tim woke up with a start.

Witnessed by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and leaders of the 10-mem ber ASEAN, Chinese Minister of Commerce Bo Xilai signed the agreement with 10 economic ministers of the ASEAN countries.

E Begin sentences with an infinitive phrase

You must attend every class to succeed in a course.

To succeed in a course, you must attend every class.

F Begin sentences with a prepositional phrase

Madame Curie was an industrious worker in the scientific laboratory.

In the scientific laboratory, Madame Curie was an industrious worker.

Under a new scheme, established SPs can become pure content providers and China Mobile may seek a bigger portion of the shared revenues.

In the short term, operators will not abandon SPs.

For China Mobile, a dramatic change in its partnership scheme may be harmful.

G Begin sentences with clause modifiers

He did not want to rewrite the paper because he was tired and hungry and discouraged.

Because he was tired and hungry and discouraged, he did not want to rewrite the paper.

You may regret in leisure what you impulsively do in haste.

What you impulsively do in haste you may regret in leisure.

E Begin sentences with an infinitive phrase

You must attend every class to succeed in a course.

To succeed in a course, you must attend every class.

F Begin sentences with a prepositional phrase

Madame Curie was an industrious worker in the scientific laboratory.

In the scientific laboratory, Madame Curie was an industrious worker.

Under a new scheme, established SPs can become pure content providers and China Mobile may seek a bigger portion of the shared revenues.

In the short term, operators will not abandon SPs.

For China Mobile, a dramatic change in its partnership scheme may be harmful.

G Begin sentences with clause modifiers

He did not want to rewrite the paper because he was tired and hungry and discouraged.

Because he was tired and hungry and discouraged, he did not want to rewrite the paper.

You may regret in leisure what you impulsively do in haste.

What you impulsively do in haste you may regret in leisure.

雅思寫作多樣化的效果體現(xiàn)還是需要考生扎扎實(shí)實(shí)地提高實(shí)力的，但與此同時(shí)，要有針對(duì)性、有策略地進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備，特別是在備考時(shí)間有限的情況下，更要科學(xué)高效地“磨刀”，做個(gè)聰明的“砍柴工”。

青島培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)眾多，為何一定要選新通青島？

★ 金牌課程顧問：通曉各類留學(xué)考試，準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估，量身定制培訓(xùn)課程。　　

★ 權(quán)威培訓(xùn)教師：實(shí)力派名師團(tuán)隊(duì)，名校海歸及碩士占70%以上。

★ 專屬教學(xué)督導(dǎo)：海歸或英語專八的教師，貼心嚴(yán)格輔導(dǎo)學(xué)習(xí)生活。

★ 貼心留學(xué)服務(wù)：海歸背景，熟悉各國(guó)留學(xué)、簽證，一對(duì)一訂制留學(xué)方案。

更多雅思、考試信息請(qǐng)撥打400-6180272或0532-80971526或登錄咨詢