如何弄懂托福聽力中的“弦外之音”

基本介紹:
　　IBT聽力中的暗示題，就是對(duì)段落中某一未明確表達(dá)的部分進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步地闡述。請(qǐng)注意，一般而言，暗示的意思在上下文中是不會(huì)被清楚地表達(dá)出來的，所以，暗示題實(shí)際上是測(cè)試?yán)斫?ldquo;弦外之音”的能力。在新托福聽力部分，暗示題將占2至4個(gè)左右。暗示題的難度自然與問題中的情景是上下文中沒有討論過或發(fā)生過的。在做題的時(shí)候還應(yīng)該特別留意同義詞(synonyms) 和同音詞(homophones)的干擾。
　　出題形式:
　　暗示題的問句常常是以特殊疑問詞開頭的特殊疑問句, 例如: what, why…在回答此類問題的時(shí)候要特別注意:
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: It’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.
　　B: It’s one of his favorite books.
　　C: It’s a book that everyone should read.
　　D: The book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.
　　What does the professor mean when he says this?

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　　A: Napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.
　　B: Napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.
　　C: Napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.
　　D: Napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: It’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.
　　B: It’s one of his favorite books.
　　C: It’s a book that everyone should read.
　　D: The book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.
　　What does the man probably mean?
　　What does the man suggest/imply? 75tgb
　　What does the woman want to know?
　　What does the woman suggest the man to do?
　　Why does ___ say ___?
　　What does the man mean by___?
　　解題技巧:
　　1. 在做IBT聽力中的暗示題的時(shí)候, 立足原文及談話人的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，不能加入自己的主管判斷和臆想
　　2. 把握意思轉(zhuǎn)折或話題轉(zhuǎn)換后的部分.

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　　3. 還有就是要關(guān)注談話人的語言色彩，如語氣，語調(diào)和用詞特點(diǎn)。比如：Professor:You’re probably right about xxx, but do you know how much this may cost? 話的前半部分教授對(duì)某一事情雖然表示出一定的妥協(xié)，但隨后他話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，指出：難道你們沒有考慮過(干某事)的費(fèi)用問題嗎?言外之意：你們的邊界我不支持!因?yàn)槲依先思铱紤]問題比你們小年輕更全面一點(diǎn)， 你們沒考慮錢的問題嘛。例如:
　　Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
　　Professor: Lengthy digressions on the role of coffee in the empire and exile of Napoleon---one of the deposed emperor’s last requests was for coffee…
　　What does the professor mean when he says this?
　　A: Napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.
　　B: Napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.
　　C: Napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.
　　D: Napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.
　　解析:
　　該段材料的大致意思是拿破侖臨終前的最后請(qǐng)求竟然事要一杯咖啡, 教授的潛臺(tái)詞即是: 生命不息, 咖啡不止, 這位偉人當(dāng)然是 “咖啡黨”的忠實(shí)成員. 答案C 為正確選項(xiàng). 答案A: 弄錯(cuò)了要咖啡的時(shí)間, 堅(jiān)決排除.答案B: 拿破侖確實(shí)是喝了咖啡(也有可能要了沒喝著), 但教授的暗示意思呢?挖掘 “言外之意”才是正理兒, 予以排除. 答案D: 拿破侖是因?yàn)榭Х群忍�多才退位的�?教授的話被完全曲解, 堅(jiān)決排除.
　　該題正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為C.

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　　Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
　　Professor: Although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: In theory, the Parkinson’s patients could die from the injection of the virus.
　　B: The Parkinson’s patients injected with the virus may suffer from annoying symptoms but in reality such danger was not seen.
　　C: The monkeys in the research are healthier normal one.
　　D: Even though there is a potential danger, the research has to be continued.
　　解析:
　　該段材料的大致意思是: 教授說: 盡管試驗(yàn)中的猴子被注射后沒有一只表現(xiàn)出令人不安的癥狀, 但是理論上(多巴胺分泌太多而導(dǎo)致病人危險(xiǎn)的)可能性還是有的. 換一句話說, 這種可能性在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中還沒有表現(xiàn)出來, 現(xiàn)在有的只是一種潛在的危險(xiǎn). 在IBT聽力中暗示題考察的就是考生對(duì) “言外之意”的追查能力.但在做題時(shí)請(qǐng)注意不要goes too far, 談話中沒有暗示的部分要堅(jiān)決予以排除.分析答案A: 教授沒有暗示病人會(huì)因此而 “死”, 不正確.答案B 應(yīng)為正確選項(xiàng). 答案C: 離題三尺, 教授沒有任何言語暗示試驗(yàn)猴比正常猴類更為健康. 答案D: 前半句正確, 后半句謬誤. 雖然教授在其后的談話中表示試驗(yàn)仍在繼續(xù), 但題干中的這句推導(dǎo)不出這個(gè)結(jié)論來.
　　該題的正確答案應(yīng)為B.
　　Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
　　Professor: With his book, Coffee: A Dark History, Anthony Wild is bound to make you think twice about your morning cup, and with good reason.
　　What does the professor imply?

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　　A: It’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.
　　B: It’s one of his favorite books.
　　C: It’s a book that everyone should read.
　　D: The book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.
　　解析:
　　本題是考察考生對(duì)morning cup 的理解. 美國(guó)人的習(xí)慣是早上起來就喝咖啡提神. 那么, 教授說, 如果你早上起來看了《咖啡的苦難史》這本書的話, 對(duì)于咖啡這種東西必會(huì)有理由多思考思考的. 潛臺(tái)詞即是: 這本書有可能點(diǎn)燃你對(duì)咖啡的深思. 答案A: 教授是讓你思考咖啡的事兒, 而不是讓你花費(fèi)大好光陰進(jìn)行晨讀. 不正確. 答案B: 教授的話中沒有顯露他的偏好.不正確.答案C: 顯然教授的本意不會(huì)事讓人人都來讀這本書. 予以排除.
　　該題的正確答案應(yīng)為D.
　　在做暗示題的時(shí)候要多多注意一些干擾選項(xiàng), 比如過度判斷, 完全扭曲或誤判斷談話人的原意, 符合生活嘗試但談話人在段落中沒有提及的知識(shí), 對(duì)題干進(jìn)行復(fù)述，沒有挖掘話語中的“言外之意” 等等, 這些都要注意, 排除這些干擾的選項(xiàng), 正確答案很容易就選出了.

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