警惕！托福寫作語言運用的幾個失誤

托福寫作是對托福詞匯、句子、語法以及英語學(xué)習(xí)整體的考察，關(guān)于語言的運用，要慎重再慎重，要得到托福寫作高分，以下幾個失誤絕對不能犯。

1. 詞匯失誤

Example 1: Reading can increase my words, rich my knowledge and enlarge my eyesight.

這是考生在描述讀書的好處，其優(yōu)點在于在句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面盡力打造排比結(jié)構(gòu)。然而，詞匯失誤嚴重影響句子理解和整體效果。“讀書可增大詞匯量，增長知識，開闊眼界。”本句中詞匯失誤頻繁出現(xiàn)，如：increase，words，rich ;enlarge my eyesight令人費解。建議可做如下修改：

Revised: Reading can enlarge my vocabulary, enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizons.

Example 2: Sometimes I play with friends from my school.

此句是典型的Chinglish，在中文中，可以說“和朋友玩”，但是不可對應(yīng)為英文的“play with friends”，其意思是把朋友當成了玩具。play 用作不及物動詞時，常接介詞 with，表示“玩;玩耍”。例如：

The little boy is playing with a yoyo.

Don't play with fire. It is very dangerous.

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2.句子層面的常見失誤

考生在語法方面的錯誤主要表現(xiàn)為“主謂不一致、可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯誤、時態(tài)錯誤、限定動詞和非限定動詞錯誤”等，這里就不一一贅述了。此外，還有一些句子層面的常見問題值得我們關(guān)注，現(xiàn)列舉如下：

①Run-on Sentences (串句)

串句是不用連詞和標點而把兩個(或以上)獨立的句子串在一起的錯誤表達。有些串句是不用任何標點間隔兩個甚至更多的句子;有些串句是在該用句號時濫用逗號，忽略了英語語言中的逗號本身沒有連接句子的功能這一原則。

例如：

Rita decided to stop smoking she didn’t want to die of lung cancer.

The exam was postponed the class was canceled as well.

★修改原則

A.把原句分成兩個獨立的句子。

Rita decided to stop smoking. She didn’t want to die of lung cancer.

The exam was postponed. The class was canceled as well.

B.用并列連詞連接兩個句子。

Rita decided to stop smoking, for she didn’t want to die of lung cancer.

The exam was postponed, and the class was canceled as well.

C.用分號連接兩個句子。

Rita decided to stop smoking; she didn’t want to die of lung cancer.

The exam was postponed; the class was canceled as well. Toefl

②Fragmentary sentences (破句)

破句是把不完整的句子當作獨立的子句來寫作時發(fā)生的錯誤。常見錯誤包括：從屬連詞引起的破句，ing分詞和不定式結(jié)構(gòu)引起的錯誤，增添細節(jié)引起的破句和缺少主語的破句。

例如：

After I arrived in Chicago by bus. I checked into a room. Then I went to a diner to get something to eat.

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關(guān)鍵詞：失誤 備考 托福寫作 托�？荚�

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