2014年10月18日托�？谡Z五星預(yù)測(cè)

Task 1

1-1

Describe a piece of good news which made you feel happy. Explain why you felt happy about that news. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

2-1

Your university’s cafeteria is planing to change its food menu and provide students with healthy and low calorie foods only. What is your opinion and why? What are the adavantages and disadvantages of this change. Include reasons and examples to support your response.

3-1

Your college is planing to allow students to keep pets in their dormitories. What is your opinion and why? Please include specific reasons and details in your response.

Task 2

1-2

Some students think that freshmen should live in their own dormitory building. Other students think that freshmen should share the same dormitory building with students who are from the second, third and fourth grade. What is your opinion? Use specific details and examples in your explanation.

2-2

Some people believe that students should study in classrooms only to study. Others believe that students should also attend field trips such as visiting a zoo, museum or park to study. What is your opinion and way? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.

3-2

Some students prefer to study in a library. Others prefer to study at home or in dorms. Which way do you prefer and why? Include reasons and details in your response.

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Task 3

1-3

【個(gè)人倡議】：有一個(gè)學(xué)生寫倡議書給school newspaper建議學(xué)校改造renovate [.ren.veit] 學(xué)生活動(dòng)中心student center。cafeteria's long table should be replaced by several small one's and more rooms for study should be afforded。理由1、在學(xué)生中心的食堂dining room太小not enough place to eat，吃飯不comfortable。理由2、學(xué)習(xí)的地方太小crowded，不適合學(xué)習(xí)for learning。

【學(xué)生態(tài)度】：女生反對(duì)此提議。理由1、同學(xué)不一定非得去食堂吃飯。有很多其它吃飯的to dine地方places，比如她自己如果天氣好的話就在better and cheaper restaurants off campus吃。2、學(xué)生中心人多，大家都忙著社交和談話people socialize or chat there，非常吵，不適合學(xué)習(xí)is not a proper place to study。圖書館很安靜the library is more quieter，適合學(xué)習(xí)。想學(xué)習(xí)可以到圖書館。只是圖書館座位不夠but lack of tables and chairs。圖書館才是該改造的地方。

2-3

【學(xué)校通知】：大學(xué)計(jì)劃require all the first year students to attend a series of seminars 介紹學(xué)校生活的in the students center。好處1、attending the seminars可以幫助學(xué)生更快地adapt to university life better。好處2、會(huì)后還有一個(gè)informal gathering，能讓同學(xué)們相互認(rèn)識(shí)，let students更好地socialize。

【學(xué)生態(tài)度】：男生贊成。理由1、這項(xiàng)目可幫助大一學(xué)生更好管理好自己的時(shí)間organize time，適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活。男生當(dāng)年剛上大學(xué)時(shí)，因不適應(yīng)校園生活didn't get along with university life，平常沒天天復(fù)習(xí)reading，結(jié)果put off the reading assignment to just before the final exam。And it was a big mistake. 還提到了大學(xué)教授和中學(xué)老師同，high school teachers更多的是remind him what he shoud do / to finish the assignment，而大學(xué)老師只是希望你按照他的預(yù)想去做。理由2、這seminars可幫學(xué)生更好地找到有same interests的同學(xué)，還可meet people with different interests。比如他當(dāng)年找到了和他一樣對(duì)音樂感興趣的人hang out。He has a major in music.He always hangs up with those students with same major。They have the same interests and same way of thinking, and seeing thing.也可幫助大一學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)有不同興趣的人he thinks it would be interesting to meet other people with other ways of thinking and majors，比如engineering系的學(xué)生和國(guó)際學(xué)生。

3-3

【公開信】：一個(gè)學(xué)生proposes that學(xué)校應(yīng)在新生第一年開學(xué)之前, 給他們future roommates的contact info：such as email addresses or phone numbers。好處1、可以讓新生們提前互相認(rèn)識(shí)室友，省得到時(shí)候開學(xué)還沒認(rèn)識(shí)。好處2、可以plan到時(shí)候帶去的行李，更好的安排宿舍空間。

【學(xué)生議論】：女生贊成此倡議。理由1、能讓學(xué)生在入學(xué)前就和自己的future roommates取得聯(lián)系，這樣新生入學(xué)后就不會(huì)太生疏，誰都不認(rèn)識(shí)。能感覺舒服點(diǎn)兒（減輕壓力，適應(yīng)環(huán)境）。理由2、宿舍空間很小，如學(xué)生提前和自己的future roommates商量帶什么行李stuffs，避免帶重復(fù)的東西，節(jié)省空間。

Task 4

1-4

【名詞解釋】：a method of teaching child, shaping。在小孩學(xué)習(xí)a skill過程中，giving restricted praise gradually：剛開始無論怎么做，都表揚(yáng)praise。后來，只有做對(duì)了才表揚(yáng)，做錯(cuò)了保持沉默。

【教授舉例】：The professor uses his example of teaching his daughter coloring a tree填顏色。起初，No matter what his daughter marked on anywhere on a page, he would praise her。即便亂涂也表揚(yáng)。Gradually, only when she colored in the right place（把葉子涂成綠色、把樹干涂成棕色the trunk of the tree）would he praise her。By this way，the daughter learned how to color.

2-4

【名詞解釋】：strategic alliance （戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟）：兩家individual公司形成一種聯(lián)盟或者partnership，能夠利用各公司的資源和優(yōu)勢(shì)expertise設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)銷售產(chǎn)品，進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)，提高profits。

【教授舉例】：教授舉了一個(gè)例子：A和B兩家公司，A是生產(chǎn)巧克力。B是生產(chǎn)crispy pretzel椒鹽卷餅。兩家公司聯(lián)盟互惠互利：開發(fā)pretzelthat covered with chocolate，結(jié)果，原來巧克力公司的顧客和pretzel公司的顧客都來買。It was sold very well。證明是一個(gè)很大的success。

3-4

【課文要點(diǎn)】：research of consumer motivation （消費(fèi)者動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)查）：公司為了解消費(fèi)者為什么不買他們產(chǎn)品而搞的調(diào)查。但有時(shí)消費(fèi)者自己也不aware原因。問卷調(diào)查不能準(zhǔn)確反映consumer motivation�！窘淌谂e例】：教授舉了一個(gè)例子。一家sportswear公司，因其sportswear不暢銷，所以做了一個(gè)調(diào)查。他們沒有直接問people為什么不買他們的產(chǎn)品，而是給people雜志和剪刀。讓他們把他們認(rèn)為適合的公司的產(chǎn)品的圖片cut下來。結(jié)果，顧客剪下來的都是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的圖片。顧客認(rèn)為他們的運(yùn)動(dòng)衣只適合運(yùn)動(dòng)員，而不適合大眾。后來，這家公司改進(jìn)了他們的產(chǎn)品。

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Task 5

1-5

【學(xué)生困難】：女生報(bào)名參加了a group guitar class，但她報(bào)的那個(gè)班was canceled due to too few students（sign up的學(xué)生太少）。

【解決方案】：女生自己想出兩個(gè)解決方案：方案1、hire a private teacherfrom the musical department，once a week教她private course，can learn a lot of things effectively，但too expensive。方案2、自己buy a book for beginners with a CD，上面有指法一類的，而且書有CDs，可以跟著聽，可以很好地幫助初學(xué)者。it is cheaper but requires discipline to keep on practising。she is not sure if she could follow怕跟不上。

2-5

【學(xué)生困難】：男生的friend gave him a ticket of今晚concert，這個(gè)concert有他最喜歡的band的演出，但男生有一個(gè)history paper due tomorrow，今天要寫完。所以有一個(gè)時(shí)間沖突。

【解決方案】：男生面臨兩個(gè)方案：方案1、go for the concert，finish paper after the concert;，但要stay up 。方案2、不去concert，give the ticket to others。在家認(rèn)真寫history paper，能完成。但男生說這個(gè)concert 很久才辦一次， 所以很可能以后沒有機(jī)會(huì)再次看了。

3-5

【學(xué)生困難】：男生的一個(gè)朋友Sam喬遷。男生想在house warming party上送Sam一個(gè)禮物。挑了一個(gè)bookcase，因?yàn)镾am家里太空了。買回來之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)，少零件parts missing。

【解決方案】：男生自己給自己兩個(gè)方案：方案1、找店家換一個(gè)，商店暫時(shí)沒貨，要等2 weeks才來新貨，will miss the house warming party。方案2、換另外一種書架。但是更貴，超出他預(yù)算了。

Task 6

1-6

【講課要點(diǎn)】：insect pollination。植物plants / flowers吸引attract昆蟲insects/pollinators [p.li.neit.r]、利用昆蟲傳播花粉pollen的兩種方式two ways：1、通過鮮艷的顏色bright color，因?yàn)槟承├ハx對(duì)顏色很敏感sensitive to color。例如：蝴蝶butterfly喜歡紅色和黃色。雛菊daisy就開鮮黃和鮮紅的花，可以吸引蝴蝶。2、通過smell氣味，因?yàn)槟承├ハx視覺不發(fā)達(dá)，看不清顏色are not able to see。例如：蛾子moths喜歡香味。茉莉花jasmine send sweet smell specifically at night to attract moths。問題是：用例子來解釋這兩種方法。

2-6

【講課要點(diǎn)】：traditional tourism傳統(tǒng)旅游does harm to the environment, pollution and damage。ecotourism生態(tài)旅游有如下兩個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

好處1、reduce the pollution：less waste and less fuel burned。例子：a tourism company可讓游客walk or hike to ancient remains on a mountain rather than take the bus because the former does less pollution（it is pretty eco-friendly）。

好處2、repair the damaged environment：a company teach tourists environmental issues and help to repair damage。比如，去South America熱帶rain forest旅游時(shí)，讓游客plant some trees in the damaged rain forest，they not only enjoy the scenery，but also preserve the habitats of many wild animals。

3-6

【講課要點(diǎn)】： 盡管wild fire可以給動(dòng)物bring damage，但有時(shí)也可帶給動(dòng)物兩個(gè)benefits：

好處1、wild fire能燒掉一些樹，給動(dòng)物and young提供更大places to live、shelter：舉例：a woodpecker builds a nest in the hollow of a burned trunk or branch。

好處2、wild fire能把old plants wipe out，給new vegetation生長(zhǎng)帶來?xiàng)l件，給animals更有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的new plants。例：new plants更nutritious and delicious, which are more attractive to deer。Deer new plants可消化得更好。

關(guān)鍵詞：10月18日 托�？谡Z 預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng)

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