托福寫作：?jiǎn)卧~不會(huì)寫怎么辦？

在托福寫作中，我們可能會(huì)因?yàn)榫o張等各種原因，忘記一些單詞的寫法，當(dāng)你在托�？紙�(chǎng)上遇到忘詞的情況，應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？

應(yīng)對(duì)策略一：換用籠統(tǒng)詞

單詞大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞�；\統(tǒng)詞的特點(diǎn)在于意義廣泛、搭配性強(qiáng)。雖然它們獨(dú)自不能精確表達(dá)一個(gè)動(dòng)作，但在構(gòu)成詞組以后可替代很多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時(shí)候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。最常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有 have，take等。

例：邁克經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)極其艱苦的時(shí)代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.寫作時(shí)，若忘記了experience可用籠統(tǒng)詞have代替，寫成M ike had a terrible hard time.同樣能收到預(yù)期效果。

再看幾例：
　　Are you married?= Do you have a wife /husband?
　　Do you understand my meaning?=Do you take my meaning?
　　She will subscribe(訂閱)to Chi- na Today.=She will take China To- day.

二、換用同義詞、反義詞

遇到未曾學(xué)過的詞或一時(shí)想不起的詞時(shí)，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關(guān)的同義詞、反義詞，利用語言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系、多層次、多角度地運(yùn)用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。

例：昨晚李雷做了一場(chǎng)惡夢(mèng)。

Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞bad dream易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.

再如：
　　The food is tasty.=The food is nice toeat.=The food is delicious.
　　We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.
　　This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.
　　This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.

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三、換用迂回表達(dá)

當(dāng)一個(gè)詞或某些信息表達(dá)起來有困難時(shí)，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行迂回表達(dá)。因?yàn)槿魏我环N表達(dá)形式，只要能達(dá)意便可接受。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察劃線部分詞語，看看是如何迂回表達(dá)的。

例：1.我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。
　　I've never seen such a stubborn person.=I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.

2.如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。
　　If we want to obtain a diploma，we must first pass the exams.=If we want to get a graduation paper，we must first pass the exams.

3.工廠里的煙囪(chimney)拔地而起。
　　High chimneys have appeared in the factories.=The factories are full of high chimneys.=A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.

4.他數(shù)學(xué)考試取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)，被大學(xué)錄取了。
　　He passed the maths exam /succeeded in the maths exam and became a college student.

5.中午我們吃了野餐。
　　At noon we had a picnic.=At noon we had our lunch in the open air.

托福寫作中，如果大家遇到單詞不會(huì)寫，也不要慌張，以上三種方法，都可以在不降低托福作文質(zhì)量的情況下進(jìn)行補(bǔ)救！

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