新通教師版：2014年9月14日托福寫(xiě)作考題解析

1. 綜合寫(xiě)作部分

農(nóng)業(yè)的一項(xiàng)規(guī)定 agricultural subsidies

READING:

1）可以幫助降低農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格,使消費(fèi)者收益;

2）可以以低廉的價(jià)格 賣(mài)給貧窮國(guó)家,幫助他們解決饑餓問(wèn)題;

3）可以減少農(nóng)民的失業(yè)率;

LISTENING:

1）每年國(guó)家要花大筆錢(qián)來(lái)支持這項(xiàng)規(guī)定,這些錢(qián)必定要從稅收中來(lái),稅收又來(lái)自于消費(fèi)者,所以消費(fèi)者并沒(méi)有受到什么實(shí)惠;

2）富裕的國(guó)家向貧窮國(guó)家低價(jià)出售食品,則貧窮國(guó)家自己的農(nóng)民會(huì)失業(yè)。

3）有些農(nóng)作物不需要大批工人,比如一個(gè)小農(nóng)場(chǎng)種玉米,幾個(gè)人就能完成所有工作。

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2. 獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作部分

Younger school children (aged five to ten) should be required to study art and music in addition to math, language, science and history.

【題目解析】學(xué)校里的5-10歲的年紀(jì)較小的學(xué)生除了學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)言、科學(xué)、歷史外，應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)。

【機(jī)經(jīng)再現(xiàn)】重復(fù)2014.03.22CN，2010.11.21CN, 2009.05.30NA 考題

【思路拓展】

Paragraph 1: 話題引入 + 簡(jiǎn)單的雙邊討論 + 闡明立場(chǎng)

經(jīng)過(guò)brainstorming，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，贊同學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)更容易切入。所以開(kāi)頭段可以采用多樣的方式，舉簡(jiǎn)單事例，反問(wèn)等手法，簡(jiǎn)要討論數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)言、科學(xué)、歷史的學(xué)習(xí)與一書(shū)和音樂(lè)的學(xué)習(xí)之間的關(guān)系即可，最后一句切記點(diǎn)名自己的立場(chǎng)

Body 1: 主題句 + 解釋觀點(diǎn) + 論證

學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)可以幫助學(xué)生身心得到更加健康的成長(zhǎng)。（給出鮮明的主題句）學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)言、科學(xué)學(xué)科的學(xué)業(yè)壓力很大，學(xué)生可以通過(guò)藝術(shù)來(lái)放松身心。音樂(lè)可以幫助釋放一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，緩解緊張和焦慮。（在論證中可以用比較和對(duì)比的方式。）例如根據(jù)研究表明，學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)和美術(shù)課程的孩子比那些沒(méi)有學(xué)習(xí)的孩子，他們的壓力水平更低，并且在成年之后能學(xué)會(huì)更好地環(huán)節(jié)和處理壓力。（舉例緊緊圍繞文章中心展開(kāi)）

Body 2: 主題句 + 解釋觀點(diǎn) + 論證

學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)和美術(shù)可以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性思維。（主題句）音樂(lè)和藝術(shù)以獨(dú)特的視角和不同的表現(xiàn)形式，展現(xiàn)出生活和自然方方面面，特別是現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)，給人們嶄新的視角和獨(dú)特的體驗(yàn)。在審美中激發(fā)了孩子的靈感。例如莫扎特的音樂(lè)被證明是提高孩子的創(chuàng)造性思維的。（論證觀點(diǎn)）

Body 3: 讓步段 （分析對(duì)方觀點(diǎn)，提出反駁）

有些人會(huì)反駁，如果一些孩子從小對(duì)藝術(shù)不感興趣，強(qiáng)制他們?cè)俳淌抑袑W(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)反而不利于他們的成長(zhǎng)。（提出對(duì)方可能會(huì)法波的觀點(diǎn)）但是，這些都是可控的，只要學(xué)校充分尊重孩子的成長(zhǎng)。對(duì)于那些對(duì)自然科學(xué)和實(shí)驗(yàn)特別感興趣的，學(xué)校應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)谶@方面的興趣，不強(qiáng)行要求上藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)課。此外，對(duì)于大多數(shù)的孩子而言，藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)課也可以發(fā)掘那些有天賦的孩子。（論點(diǎn)遞進(jìn)一層）

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新通外語(yǔ)寧波秋季班部份課程展示：

Conclusion 重申觀點(diǎn)，總結(jié)中間主體段落主題句，并做必要的延伸

藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)對(duì)于孩子的成長(zhǎng)發(fā)展起著重要的作用，幫助他們身心得到健康的發(fā)展，和創(chuàng)造性思維的培養(yǎng)。藝術(shù)和音樂(lè)也對(duì)于孩子性格的塑造起著重要的作用。只要課程是本著對(duì)孩子的尊重。

【核心詞匯】

1. 身心發(fā)展 physical and psychological development

2. 壓力很大 suffer from/ undergo great strain/ pressure; get/ feel stressed out

3. 治療的效果 therapeutic effects

4. 緩解壓力 relieve/ alleviate one’s stress

5. 恢復(fù)平靜 restore one’s soul and soothe one’s nerves

6. 創(chuàng)造性思維 creative thinking/ originality

7. 獨(dú)特的視角 unique perspective

8. 新穎有趣的觀點(diǎn) novel and interesting ideas

9. 審美 appreciation of aesthetics

7. 激發(fā)靈感 aspire inspiration

8. 莫扎特 Mozart

9. 挖掘潛在的天賦 bring out one’s potential talents

10. 天才 genius

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【SAMPLE】

Francis Bacon writes, “History makes man wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle…”. Undoubtedly, disciplines including maths, language, science and history are the crux of the academic study at school for young students. Some people may argue that it is a waste of time for the young to study subjects such as art and music. However, I firmly believe that art and music should be taken serious consideration for the school compulsory course and their status in the academic study should be paid special attention to.

Educating young people about art and music can facilitate their psychological development. Immersed in almost a full week’s serious study of maths, science and history, younger students, who are supposed to enjoy colorful aspect of youth years, tend to suffer from great strain and thus live a dull and drab life. Art and music serves a therapeutic function in relieving students’ pressure because music is said to release reassuring chemicals. By taking art and music classes, young students could restore their soul and soothe their nerves in their daily studies. A study conducted by New York University concludes that younger students who study art and music demonstrate lower level of pressure in academic studies and tend to be better capable in dealing with problems in adult life when they grow up than those who do not.

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Studying art and music can foster students’ creative thinking. Arts and music, undeniably, are prone to be considered as a means of free expression of emotions and ideas. Exposed to the master piece of arts and music, younger students are apt to gain a unique perspective towards nature and life. Art, especially modern art, is praised for its bold and novel ideas, which could, to a large extent, aspire younger students’ inspiration for creation. To cite musical works of Mozart, it is generally agreed that his music is proved to enhance children’s creative thinking for his music is so sophisticatedly composed that listening to his music could cultivate the potential of the brain.

Granted, some people show concern about children who are forced to sit in the classroom to study art and music but show no interest at all, which would do no good but discourage younger students who have passion and enthusiasm for other subjects. Yet, this could be avoided if proper attention and care are given from school and educators. Moreover, for some younger students who are born with talents in music and art, early access to music and art can bring out their potential talents. Therefore, this early exposure gives them an opportunity to discover and nurture their talents.

To sum up, on the basis of respecting younger children’s interest and caring about their all-round development, teaching arts and music to children could be beneficial, which offers them more meaningful lives, perceptive insights and a sense of achievements.

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