雅思考試中易令人誤解的詞匯解析（二）

在雅思考試中，碰到陌生的詞匯時(shí)，我們總是把中文背景帶到英文單詞中，從而導(dǎo)致對(duì)一些雅思詞匯的誤解。今天就和新通小編一起看看雅思考試中易令人誤解的詞匯，及時(shí)糾正錯(cuò)誤觀念并牢牢記住吧！

8. Nauseous

What you think it means: To feel ill. 你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：感覺不舒服。

What it really means: To cause feelings of illness. 單詞的真正含義是：令人不舒服的。

This is another understandable mishap that a lot of people make. If you actually feel sick then you are nauseated. The object that made you feel ill is nauseous. Here’s how this works. If you’re at an amusement park and you’re sitting next to a full trash can, the fumes from the trash may make you feel ill. That means the fumes from the trash can are nauseous because they are making you feel nauseated.

許多人用錯(cuò)這個(gè)單詞也是情有可原的。如果你果真感到不舒服，那么你會(huì)nauseated（作嘔），讓你感到不舒服的東西是nauseous（作嘔的）。請(qǐng)看下面的例子。假設(shè)你坐在游樂園一個(gè)滿滿的垃圾桶旁邊，垃圾桶里冒出的煙霧讓你感到不舒服。這就是說，垃圾桶里冒出的煙霧是nauseous（令人作嘔的），因?yàn)樗�讓你感到nauseated（作嘔）。

9. Redundant

What you think it means: Repetitive. 你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：重復(fù)的。

What it really means: Unnecessarily excessive. 單詞的真正含義是：過剩的。

This one is tough because you can use it wrong but unintentionally use it right. When you repeat something a bunch of times, it can become redundant, but redundant expands far beyond just repeating things over and over. A popular thing companies are doing now is firing people but instead of calling it “getting fired,” they call it “eliminating redundancies.” The premise being that the employee they’re firing is unnecessary and excessive and they are thus eliminating them. In pretty much any scenario where there is simply too much of something, it is redundant.

這個(gè)單詞有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜，因?yàn)槟憧赡芸倳?huì)用錯(cuò)，卻也不一定什么時(shí)候就用對(duì)了。當(dāng)你不斷重復(fù)某事很多次后，事情可能就會(huì)變得redundant（多余的），但是redundant這個(gè)詞所包含的意思遠(yuǎn)不止“不斷重復(fù)”。當(dāng)下公司都很流行解聘雇員，但他們不會(huì)說“炒你魷魚”，而是稱之為“裁員”；但前提是，被裁的員工是可有可無的、多余的，這樣就可以裁掉了。在很多情況下，如果某事太多太剩，那就是redundant（多余的）了。

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10. Enormity

What you think it means: Huge, enormous. 你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：巨大的，龐大的。

What it really means: Profoundly immoral or evil. 單詞的真正含義是：極其不道德的或邪惡的。

Don’t beat yourself up over this one because no one knows this one off the top of their head. Enormity sounds like enormous and as with many of our other examples, here we expect words that sound alike to have similar meanings. Enormity simply means really evil. An example of how to use it is the following: “The enormity of the crimes committed by the Nazis in World War II.” It doesn’t mean the enormous crimes, it means the heinous crimes.

不要因?yàn)橛缅e(cuò)這個(gè)單詞而自責(zé)，因?yàn)闆]多少人能不假思索地知道這個(gè)單詞。Enormity（窮兇惡極）的發(fā)音和enormous（龐大的）比較相近，正如先前提過的許多例子一樣，對(duì)于發(fā)音相似的單詞，人們也很容易認(rèn)為它們的意思也一樣。Enormity是指“極其邪惡”。舉個(gè)例子來說明如何使用這個(gè)單詞吧。“納粹分子在二戰(zhàn)中犯下的罪行是enormity（窮兇惡極的）。”它不是說enormous（龐大的）罪行，而是指十惡不赦的罪行。

11. Terrific

What you think it means: Fantastic, good. 你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：妙極了，極好的。

What it really means: Horrific, to inspire fear. 單詞的真正含義是：可怖的，令人害怕的。

This is another one that we expect will be changed in the dictionary eventually because barely anyone uses the real meaning anymore. When people say they feel terrific, they mean to say they feel fantastic. An example of something terrific is King Kong. You see a giant monster and it inspires fear. We’re going to loop awesome in with this one too. Awesome simply means to inspire awe and people often use it to describe something really good.

我們認(rèn)為這個(gè)單詞的含義以后也會(huì)在詞典里重新修訂，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在幾乎沒有人會(huì)去使用它的真正含義。當(dāng)人們說感覺terrific（恐怖的）時(shí)，他們是指感覺fantastic（好極了）�！督饎偂肪褪堑湫偷膖errific（可怖的）例子，因?yàn)樗�是巨怪，讓人感到恐懼。在此順便說說awesome這個(gè)單詞吧。Awesome是指“讓人感到驚懼”，但現(xiàn)在人們用這個(gè)詞的時(shí)候主要是指“某事好極了”。

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12. Effect

What you may think it means: To cause something to change. 你以為單詞的含義是：引起某事發(fā)生變化。

What it really means: An event that causes a change. 單詞的真正含義是：引起變化事件。

A lot of people staunchly defend the wrong definition of this and it’s understandable. When action A causes a change in object B, action A affected object B and object B has been affected. Effect is an event that causes a change. In our prior example, action A is, in and of itself, an effect because it affects things. It’s admittedly confusing to explain but easy to remember. If it’s a noun, it’s an effect. If it’s a verb, it’s an affect.

很多人是錯(cuò)誤用法的擁躉者，這是可以理解的。當(dāng)行動(dòng)A導(dǎo)致事物B發(fā)生變化，行動(dòng)A影響了事物B，因此，事物B受到了影響。Effect其實(shí)是指引起變化的事件。在先前的例子中，行動(dòng)A本身就是個(gè)effect（事件），因?yàn)樗�影響了事物。不得不說，這么解釋起來很容易引起困惑，不過記起來卻不難。如果是名詞，那就是effect（事件）；如果是動(dòng)詞，那就是affect（影響）。

13. Disinterested

What you think it means: Bored. 你以為單詞的含義是：無趣的。

What it really means: Neutral. 單詞的真正含義是：中立的。

A good way to remember this one is that there is a word that means bored and it’s uninterested. If you’re uninterested, you’re bored. Being disinterested is the long-form equivalent of stating that you don’t care about something.

要記住這個(gè)單詞，有個(gè)辦法就是別忘了已經(jīng)有一個(gè)單詞表示“無趣的”——這個(gè)單詞就是uninterested。如果你uninterested（不感興趣），那自然就“無趣”了。Disinterested是表示“對(duì)某事不關(guān)心”的一個(gè)單詞。

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