托福聽力是托福考試的第一部分,通常托福聽力發(fā)揮的好壞直接影響下面的考試,下面是新通外語老師為大家分享托福聽力題型特點總結及應對策略。
托福聽力是托?荚嚨牡谝徊糠郑ǔM懈B犃Πl(fā)揮的好壞直接影響下面的考試,下面是新通外語老師為大家分享托福聽力題型特點總結及應對策略。
一. Basic Comprehension 基本理解力
1,Gist question(主旨題)
1),主旨內容題
提問方式:
What problem does the man have?
What are the speakers mainly discussing?
What is the main topic of the lecture?
What is the lecture mainly about?
What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss?
題型特征:
◆每篇一題
◆開頭出現(xiàn)或者需進行篇章概括
應對策略:
◆開門見山式的主旨:注意文章開頭的信號詞
I am here to talk about... /I'm interested in... /
Today, I want to talk about../
Last week we talked about.... Today, we are going to move on...
We've been talking ...Today, we are going to talk about
◆需進行概括的主旨:總結全文反復出現(xiàn)的關鍵詞和文章的主要細節(jié)
◆排除選項中太具體和太抽象的內容;排除文章細枝末節(jié)
2),主旨目的題
提問方式:
Why does the student visit the professor?
Why does the student visit the register's office?
Why did the professor ask to see the student?
Why does the professor explain X?
題型特征:
主要出現(xiàn)在conversation中
應對策略:
把握對話的開頭。
2,Detail question(細節(jié)題)
提問方式:
According to the professor , what is one way that can affect Y?
What is X?
What results from the invention of the X?
According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory?
題型特征:
◆每篇2-3個
◆考查具體的信息,例如事實、描述、定義、原因和例子
應對策略:
◆充分全面的做好筆記;
◆注意表示因果,轉折,強調 ,解釋, 舉例等表示描述的事實、描述、定義、原因和例子的詞語
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因果
常出現(xiàn)的:Because, since , so,therefore,As a result ,then,for this reason,
其他:hence , resulting, thus, consequently……..
轉折
常出現(xiàn)的: though , although, even though, in spite of , however,On the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary
其他:despite, regardless , notwithstanding盡管
yet , nevertheless , instead , rather , whereas然而
強調
Definitely ,extremely, especially, obviously , absolutely, positively, surprisingly, in fact, emphatically , indeed, in any case, only
Unquestionably, without a doubt ,best
解釋
Define,is defined as,known as, that is ,the term means ,we mean, we refer to
舉例
常出現(xiàn)的:for example, for instance , such as, in this situation, on this occasion,
其他:take the case of , to demonstrate, to illustrate , as an illustration,like, in this/another case
二. Pragmatic Understanding 語用理解力
1)Function (功能題,即重聽題)
提問方式:
What does the professor imply when he says this:(reply)
What can be inferred from the professor's response to the student?(reply)
What is the purpose of the woman's response?(reply)
Why does the student say this?(reply)
題型特征:
◆每篇一題
◆重聽部分是涉及語氣和語調的口語表達
◆問題涉及理解說話者的意圖和理解語句表達的真正含義
應對策略:
◆關鍵是理解重聽內容在重聽那一段話中的作用,也就是理解這句話的語境意義。理解語境是解答功能題的關鍵。
◆熟悉功能體?嫉膸追N功能類型
① 解釋功能Explanation,常見的信號詞有 Simply put / Let's put in this way/ I think I should/ you mean等;
② 總結功能Conclusion,常見信號詞有now to sum/ wrap up my speech,anyway等;
③ 建議功能 Suggestion,常見信號詞有 you should have done something better ,I suggest, I propose, I think, if I were you, why don't you 等;
④ 鼓勵功能Inspiration,常見信號詞有come on, you are supposed to know this等;
⑤ 強調功能Emphasis,常見信號詞有 please bear in mind that…/ Rhetorical question反問句等;
⑥ 更正錯誤功能 Correcting mistake,常見信號詞有 wait a minute/ I made a slip of tongue, oh, I'm sorry, oh, what do I mean等。
2)Attitude(態(tài)度題)
提問方式:
What can be inferred about the student?
What is the professor's attitude toward…?
What is the professor's opinion of …?
What can be inferred about the student when she says this:
What does the woman mean when she says this?
題型特征:
◆每篇一題
◆考察說話人的觀點意圖,感情色彩
應對策略:
◆注意教授在講課過程中語氣語調的起伏變化:重音、放慢語速或停頓的地方
◆通過形容詞或副詞的感情色彩來把握說話人的意圖
◆熟悉選項中出現(xiàn)的情感表達
積極的情感:interesting,impressed,amused,excited,likes/wants
消極的情感:confused,embarrassed,worried ,concerned,upset,annoyed,frustrated,reluctant.
確定的態(tài)度:unsure,uncertain,doubtful,confident
3. Connecting Information 連接信息力
1). Organization Question(結構題)
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新通外語鄭州秋季班9折優(yōu)惠搶報中,在這里實現(xiàn)你的托福高分
提問方式:
How does the professor organize the information that she presents to the class?
How does the professor clarify the points he makes about Mexico?
題型特征:
◆主要出現(xiàn)在lecture中,
◆考察整篇文章或段落的結構方式,或者特定部分在整體環(huán)境中所擔當的角色
應對策略:
◆熟悉文章的幾種基本敘述方式:
如順序的敘述方式,按年代的敘述方式,分小項的敘述方式
◆熟悉局部的敘述方式
比如:下定義,列舉,因果,比較以及對照等敘述方式。
2)Connecting content question(信息連接題,也就是表格題)
提問方式:
What is the likely outcome of doing procedure X before procedure Y?
What can be inferred about X?
What does the professor imply about X?
題型特征:
◆一般每篇1題
◆考察學生在掌握信息的基礎上,處理信息間的聯(lián)系過程(有別于細節(jié)題)
應對策略:
了解連接基本信息的方法
① Yes/No
② 按照項目分類 ,也就是配對
③ 順序的過程:stepA-stepB-stepC
3)Inferences Question(推理題)
提問方式:
What can be inferred about X?
What dose the professor imply about X?
What does the professor imply when he says this(replay)
題型特征:
◆每篇一題左右
◆類似詢問說話者態(tài)度的問題,不同之處在于需要綜合利用更加多元化的信息。
應對策略:
◆找出題目中需要推論的對象,推論的對象往往與文章的整體內容相關,需一邊聽較長的文章,一遍綜合各種信息。
◆熟悉正確及錯誤答案的類型
正確答案:聽到的文章內容的完全綜合再陳述(同義改寫)
錯誤答案:對于原文內容的重復
有邏輯跳躍的推論
◆在文章的結尾部分推測未來行動或事件。
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新通外語鄭州秋季班9折優(yōu)惠搶報中,在這里實現(xiàn)你的托福高分
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