2014年8月23日托�？荚嚳记皼_刺預(yù)測(cè)

獨(dú)立口語(yǔ) Independent Speaking

1.What type of music do you enjoy most? Explain why you enjoy this type of music. Include reasons and details in you explanation.

2 .Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It's easier to teach children in primary schools than students in universities. Include reasons and details in your explanation.

3.Some universities are planning to sell paper books and magazines and to use electronic books instead. Do you agree or disagree with this practice?

4.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Government should spend money on certain projects that encourage citizens to lead healthier lifestyles.

5.How to deal with homesickness? Please include specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

6.Which one would you like to choose: 1.courses relating to a specific career 2.a variety of courses? Please explain your choice with specific examples and details.

7.Would you agree or disagree with the university’s decision to allow food during the class? Explain with specific reasons and details.

8.Some people like to collect old things, while others throw things away after use. Which way do you prefer and why?

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綜合口語(yǔ) Integrated Speaking

1

Reading: Behavior exposure，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)孩子們害怕做什么事情的時(shí)候，給他們鼓勵(lì)，并且在他們做了這個(gè)事情以后給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，他們就不會(huì)再怕了。

Listening: 授講自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。說(shuō)他兒子剛搬到LA的時(shí)候想跟當(dāng)?shù)氐男∨笥淹�，但是又怕他們不接受。他就鼓�?lì)他兒子說(shuō)，你去對(duì)面買(mǎi)冰欺凌吃吧，去的時(shí)候跟他們說(shuō)HI，然后他兒子說(shuō)了，人家也回了Hi， 他就回來(lái)的時(shí)候鼓勵(lì)他去稱(chēng)贊一下人家的自行車(chē)。他兒子又說(shuō)了，然后那些小朋友很開(kāi)心的說(shuō)對(duì)啊對(duì)啊。 然后一會(huì)他兒子就說(shuō)要和它們一起去玩自行車(chē)了。

2

Reading: 女生說(shuō)遇到一個(gè)麻煩事，她上了一個(gè)藝術(shù)課，clay 做 bowl啥的，她之前一直很順利，后來(lái)她想把花放到她做成的bowl or bottle里，結(jié)果不小心打碎了，幾天后就要交給教授。

Solutions: 1.她可以把它粘好。因?yàn)樗槠�很大。但是老師�?huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)不高的;2.她可以現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始重新做。有兩天時(shí)間。她還有其他功課要復(fù)習(xí)。

3

Reading: 學(xué)校在考試復(fù)習(xí)期間舉辦某娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，期間取消校內(nèi)公交車(chē)，有人不滿給校長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)信，1.噪音影響在宿舍復(fù)習(xí)的人，2.取消校內(nèi)公交車(chē)對(duì)要乘車(chē)的人很不方便。

Listening: 對(duì)話中女生認(rèn)為這兩個(gè)理由都沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力。首先要看書(shū)的人可以去圖書(shū)館看，不一定非要在宿舍，圖書(shū)館很安靜。其次學(xué)校很小，去哪里都可以步行，不行橫穿學(xué)校只要30分鐘，況且公交車(chē)只取消幾個(gè)小時(shí)而已，no big deal.

考試題型全面覆蓋，學(xué)術(shù)詞匯分類(lèi)強(qiáng)化，突破托�？荚�！   　 

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4

Reading: Aggressive recruiting即商家在推廣期間給與顧客一些實(shí)惠，積累顧客，推廣期過(guò)后開(kāi)始收費(fèi)增加收入。

Listening: 舉了一個(gè)gym的例子在說(shuō)明這種策略的有效性。具體是，gym在推廣期讓消費(fèi)者免費(fèi)獲得健身指導(dǎo)，一個(gè)月以后取消免費(fèi)政策，結(jié)果大部分人都繼續(xù)使用該服務(wù)，于是增加了gym的customer basis，是有效的。

6

Problem: 女生要在校報(bào)發(fā)表一篇paper，但文章寫(xiě)得too long to publish.

Solutions: 男編輯給他兩個(gè)方案：1. cut off the paper / make it shorter就能立即出版。但女生覺(jué)得每個(gè)部分都很重要，不愿意cut，要弄短就只能Summarize了。2.到暑期版summer issue上發(fā)表publish.女生不太愿意，因?yàn)槭罴俅蠹叶挤偶倭�，沒(méi)人看得到。

關(guān)鍵詞：考前沖刺 預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng) 托�？荚�

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7

Lecture: 不能自身移動(dòng)的海底sea bottom動(dòng)物dwellers（居民）獲得食物的方法feed有兩種：第一種、active method：舉例：�？鹲ea anemone偽裝成植物，寄生在其他動(dòng)物身上，寄主又會(huì)放毒液，這樣sea anemone就能捕住食物了。第二種、passive method，舉例：牡蠣Oyster，不動(dòng)。坐等海水流把微生物tiny material送到嘴邊。

8

Reading:現(xiàn)在的Modern literature課越來(lái)越popular，有些大學(xué)就采取了兩個(gè)方法讓更多的同學(xué)enroll。1. 把小教室換成大教室；2.把課時(shí)加到晚上，讓更多的人來(lái)聽(tīng)。

Listening:一男一女，男的不同意學(xué)校的方法，理由是小教室更方便group discussion，大教室距離遠(yuǎn)了不好操作；而有的同學(xué)晚上有活動(dòng)，有jobs to do，肯定沒(méi)有時(shí)間來(lái)參加晚上的課時(shí)。

10

Lecture:一個(gè)教授的小講座，說(shuō)monkey常年住在樹(shù)上，該怎么喝水。舉了兩個(gè)例子，第一個(gè)是一種monkey（記不得名字了，屏幕上會(huì)出現(xiàn)），這種monkey只要吃新鮮多汁的葉子(tender leaves）就可以補(bǔ)充足夠的水分；另一些monkey是去下雨后積水形成的小池塘里喝水；有一種spider monkey是尋找shaped 的植物，利用植物作容器喝水。

11

Reading: Jazz performance on the lawn. 一個(gè)學(xué)生寫(xiě)給學(xué)校的信，建議學(xué)校邀請(qǐng)朋友的jazz樂(lè)隊(duì)每天下午在lawn表演，這樣可以給下午課間休息的同學(xué)提供relaxation.

Listening: 男生和女生對(duì)話。女生反對(duì)這個(gè)提議，理由是：1.時(shí)間不合適，下午大家都有課，或者忙著別的事，下午表演沒(méi)有多少人看，反而是個(gè)distraction。evening will be better；2.Performing indoor will be better.太多人在lawn上走，花草會(huì)死掉。

12

Problem: 男生暑假留在學(xué)校，因?yàn)橐獛蚿rofessor干活，于是在外面租了一間房子。But he doesn't have access to the kitchen.

Solutions: 1. friend 有kitchen，一起用, 但是會(huì)inconvenient. 2. 在 school cafeteria 買(mǎi)個(gè) plan，很便宜，但距離遠(yuǎn)。

13

Lecture: 講動(dòng)物孵蛋的交流方式。第一個(gè)是鴨子蛋之間會(huì)交流，好像會(huì)發(fā)出什么很大的噪音，然后尋求幫助；第二個(gè)是蛇蛋，蛋與母親的交流，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有母親的幫助，蛋無(wú)法孵出。

14

Reading: Anticipate emotion.

Listening: 教授用自己的親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)解釋?zhuān)航淌谙虢o他老妹買(mǎi)禮物，但是身上卻沒(méi)有帶很多錢(qián)（我說(shuō)了with limited money）。當(dāng)他來(lái)到一個(gè)store的時(shí)候，教授看中了一件

jacket，對(duì)此非常喜歡。但經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)思考之后，得出結(jié)論是自己會(huì)有一種負(fù)罪感，因?yàn)榛ㄔ谧约荷砩系谋然ㄔ诶厦枚Y物上的錢(qián)要多如果買(mǎi)了那件jacket的話。所以最后教授放棄了jacket.

15

Lecture: 動(dòng)物如何保證自己的后代的存活。兩種方式：一是gather or store food。water什么的忘了。它們首先會(huì)筑巢，然后找來(lái)充足的食物并在巢內(nèi)產(chǎn)下蛋崽，最后就直接飛走了。二是為后代找一個(gè)食物充足的地方，就像蝴蝶。它們會(huì)到處尋覓，直至找到一個(gè)食物豐富的地方，這個(gè)地方足夠提供后代在孵化后成長(zhǎng)所需要的食物，營(yíng)養(yǎng)。

16

Reading: plan fallacy就是你定計(jì)劃的時(shí)候總是不會(huì)把突發(fā)情況的時(shí)間算進(jìn)去，最后導(dǎo)致任務(wù)完不成。

Listening: 教師大學(xué)時(shí)期，history 10 pages of paper, 教授 tell them couple months in advance, but he think himself as a fast worker, so he didn’t do in until the day before deadline.去圖書(shū)館找資料，寫(xiě)一半發(fā)現(xiàn)不夠，材料只夠?qū)?頁(yè)，于是又回圖書(shū)館，可是關(guān)門(mén)了。所以他沒(méi)能按時(shí)完成。教授給了個(gè)低分，但說(shuō)他的文章不錯(cuò)。

17

Problem: the man can't find his camera before his trip to Spain.

Solutions: 1. he can either buy a new one, 可是很貴，旅游還要花錢(qián),2. borrow one from his friend Jake,但是怕弄壞或弄丟。

關(guān)鍵詞：考前沖刺 預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng) 托福考試

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綜合寫(xiě)作 Integrated Writing

1

Reading: 侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)代的生物滅絕了the mass extinction，可能是因?yàn)殄缧亲驳厍颉?1. 一些發(fā)現(xiàn)的古老的生物還是什么的碎片，然后它們可以dating back to XXX年250-million-old meteorite fragments；2. meteorite fragments的分散在3個(gè)地方，China, Japan還有一個(gè)；3.發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)Australia的crater應(yīng)該是大撞擊留下的。

Listening: 這些都是可以解決的。Workable solutions: 1. 第一那些碎片的化學(xué)物質(zhì)沒(méi)有因?yàn)榈貧み\(yùn)動(dòng)受熱而改變，所以時(shí)間應(yīng)該很短，應(yīng)該沒(méi)有250-million-old這么老； 2. 碎片只在那三個(gè)國(guó)家被發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果沖擊力那么強(qiáng)，那碎片應(yīng)該是散落在全世界的； 3. 類(lèi)似那個(gè)坑的坑到處都是，normal activities such as volcano火山運(yùn)動(dòng)也會(huì)是造成溝壑的原因，該是地球內(nèi)部地質(zhì)活動(dòng)形成的。

2

Reading: Asian carp, in the Greek Lakes, that has too much will damage the local environment. There are three measures to prevent ： 1. Build a wall; 2. Use electrical devices; 3. Two-step measure. First, use poison kill all the fish, second, reintroduce the local species.

Listening: disagree 1. Factories near the lake, they use cargos and ships there. It will cost a lot. Ships upload on one side of the wall, and another ship reload at the other side;2. Small fish still could swim through the device, they grow up and reproduce in lakes;3. Drastic. No prediction, cannot ensure not pollute the lakes in the future.

3

Reading：The article introduced a kind of plant which called GM (Gene Modification) crop. It has three major benefits: 1. It is good for the environment because it has the resist-gene. Using GM crop can reduce the use of pesticide;2. It can help poor farmers around the world. GM crop can also have good yield in dry season which will profit the farmer;3. GM plant can add missing nutrients for people in specific area. For example people eating a lot rice lack of Vitamin A, so GM rice which had added Vitamin A in it can help people gain what they missed.

Listening：The lecture totally disagreed in those three aspects: 1. If the resist-gene is got by the wild crop, it will grow out of control which brings more damage to the environment;2. Those GM crop cannot help farmers economically because they need to buy those GM seeds every year instead of using the seeds they got from the last season. It is more costly;3. The Vitamin A added in the rice is not enough. The more efficient way to deal with this

problem is encouraging those people eating more vegetable like sweet potato.

4

Reading: 一個(gè)什么動(dòng)物在很久以前身軀很大的原因： 1. 那時(shí)候氧氣含量很多；2. plant 很多；3. Warm climate

Listening: 反對(duì)觀點(diǎn) 1. 氧氣含量其實(shí)比現(xiàn)在還少（很多百分比，聽(tīng)糊涂了，這樣不確定）；2. plant是很多，但是營(yíng)養(yǎng)很少 ；3. warm climate is actually a disadvantage, because the animal needed to cool off. More surface area, 更容易散熱；小動(dòng)物體表特征大(鼻子，耳朵等)，占表面積多。

5

Reading: 閱讀說(shuō)在Rhone river發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)bust,這就是Caesar,是羅馬的一個(gè)leader. 1. 那個(gè)bust（a kind of sculpture) 是realism地形式表現(xiàn) 然后Caesar的時(shí)代也是realism的時(shí)代。 2. bust的hair的表現(xiàn) 和真實(shí)的Caesar一致 （跟money有關(guān)）3. 因?yàn)槭窃趓iver里發(fā)現(xiàn),以前人們想銷(xiāo)毀它,有新的leader上任,留著它是不respect.

Listening: 反駁閱讀論點(diǎn) 1. Realism continues after Caesar died. 2. Only the style of hair matches, other features do not match at all. 3. There were others sculpture also found in that river, and they were right added that bust. And throwing it into river, just aiming to dispose the trash.

6

Reading: lionfish 從Indo 洋擴(kuò)展到太平洋了，閱讀中有三種方法來(lái)解決： 1. 人工捕捉它們來(lái)protect coral reef 生物系統(tǒng); 2. 引入fish market，這樣可以減少對(duì) local fish 的需要，讓他們能有時(shí)間 recover;3. 人們可以把它們用于日常飲食，因?yàn)樗鼈兏叩鞍�，低脂肪�?/p>

Listening: 教授全部反對(duì)：1. 人工捕捉無(wú)法區(qū)分lionfish 和其他魚(yú)，很多 rare 的魚(yú)也都在coral reef ，會(huì)牽連其他魚(yú)種；2. 引進(jìn)市場(chǎng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致有人人工養(yǎng)殖。 Lionfish 如果從 fish farm escape ，這就造成了更嚴(yán)重的 invasive 問(wèn)題； 3. 有些lionfish 是有毒的，吃了以后會(huì)造成 vomiting numbness arching，我們無(wú)法檢驗(yàn)每一條魚(yú)，所以不吃他們。

7

Reading: 講述養(yǎng)魚(yú)場(chǎng)作為世界上主要的提供魚(yú)類(lèi)食物的farm對(duì)環(huán)境可能會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重影響：1. 魚(yú)產(chǎn)生大量的by-product，滋生細(xì)菌污染環(huán)境。2. 一些飼養(yǎng)的魚(yú)逃跑跟野生魚(yú)交配產(chǎn)生存活能力低的后代。3. 漁場(chǎng)浪費(fèi)大量珍貴資源。

Listening: professor說(shuō)事實(shí)上這些問(wèn)題都有已經(jīng)找到了解決辦法：1. 文章說(shuō)養(yǎng)殖的魚(yú)產(chǎn)生了很多by-product, 教授說(shuō)現(xiàn)在有中生物（名字會(huì)顯示）feed on product,減少。2. 文章還有說(shuō)魚(yú)會(huì)逃出fish farm, 這個(gè)好像教授是說(shuō)數(shù)量不多，這些魚(yú)的基因也不會(huì)對(duì)野生魚(yú)造成傷害。3.

文章說(shuō)養(yǎng)蝦造成大量浪費(fèi)，如淡水，教授說(shuō)有種樹(shù)（名字會(huì)顯示）可以tolerant salty water, 所以是recycle的，used water secondary use .

8

Reading：美國(guó)的Death Valley理300kg的大石頭會(huì)動(dòng)（moving stones），有人試著解釋:1. 風(fēng)吹動(dòng)的，因?yàn)榇嬖陉P(guān)于山谷里有大風(fēng)的紀(jì)錄，且天下雨的時(shí)候，muddy變得很平，適合讓風(fēng)吹動(dòng)石頭。2. 地下水晚上結(jié)冰，石頭就能動(dòng)了。3. 人類(lèi)惡搞的。比如麥田圈就是。

Listening：反對(duì)閱讀的說(shuō)法，理由分別是：1. 沒(méi)有風(fēng)強(qiáng)到能吹到石頭，并且給了張照片，石頭陷在muddy里，按writer的理論，石頭不應(yīng)該陷下去的。2. 是沙漠，水根本不夠，且溫度太高，就算晚上結(jié)冰，白天就化了，沒(méi)法搬動(dòng)石頭。3. 如果是人干的，那一定會(huì)留下痕跡，，這種muddy里沒(méi)有人能做到不留痕跡。而現(xiàn)場(chǎng)既沒(méi)有人的痕跡，也沒(méi)有馬的痕跡。

關(guān)鍵詞：考前沖刺 預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng) 托�？荚�

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獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作 Independent Writing

1、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Patience is usually not a good strategy; we should take action now rather than later.

2、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for the government to spend money on new buildings than to preserve historic or traditional buildings and homes.

3、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.

4、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should support artists rather than allow them to support themselves.

5、People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.

6、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members, so there is no need for the government to help them.

7、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to attract good students, a university should spend a lot of money funding social activities.

8、Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is never a reason to be impolite/rude to another person.

關(guān)鍵詞：考前沖刺 預(yù)測(cè) 托福機(jī)經(jīng) 托福考試

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