托福寫作高分要點：謹密的語法必不可少

托福寫作，詞匯是基礎，但不是全部。一篇能獲得高分的托福寫作，除了豐富的詞匯、多樣的句型、清晰的邏輯，還要有謹密的語法。托福寫作語法不可小視。

托福寫作語法之基本規(guī)律(Basic rules)

1. Indefinite article (不定冠詞)

我們用 "a ， an " 當我們不知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：

* is one of many. ( 是許多個中的一個)

He is an artist.(=there are many artists)

* is not unique. (不是唯一的)

I have just bought a book

* has not been mentioned before. (之前沒有提到過)

There was a new student in class today.

2. Definite article (定冠詞)

我們用 " the " 當我們知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：

* is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的)

The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one)

I looked inside， the engine was in a terrible state.(=there is only one engine， in this case)

* has been mentioned before. (之前提到過)

The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it， and saw thatthe ticket was a single.

* is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下來的短語詳細說明)

What is the new student's name?

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3. No articles (無冠詞)

我們不用冠詞當我們普遍地提及事物的時候：

* using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時)

Do you like sport?

* with the names of people or places， but there aremany exceptions (人名和地名的時候不用冠詞，但是地名有許多例外，下文一一介紹)

He is Professor Jones

4. Fixed phrases ( 固定短語)

有許多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠詞，我們應該來單獨學習，他們包括：

a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed

go to the cinemas， shops，station in the world once a week

sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day

the same

托福寫作語法之經常發(fā)生問題的區(qū)域 (Areas that often cause problems)

1. Jobs (工作)

如果有許多人做這個工作我們用 a 或 an.：

My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)

但是如果一個工作特別對應一個人，我們就要用“the”了：

He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部長). (=there is only one)

2. Superlative (最高級)

我們使用“the”在形容詞最高級前面：

She is the best person for the job.

3. Last and next

有一些形容詞如 “last” 和 “next ”同時可以用也可以不用定冠詞“the”但是句意會發(fā)生變化

I saw James last night. (=the one before this one)

It is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)

I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)

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4. Institutions： school， prison， university， church，home， hospital

和以上機構連用時我們不用定冠詞“the”

My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.

然而，如果我們指的是這個建筑，我們就要用“the”

Our flat is opposite the hospital.

關鍵詞：語法 高分 備考 托福寫作

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