[高分技巧]托福閱讀解題抓住解釋關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵

托福閱讀文章很多地方都是有著嚴密的結(jié)構(gòu)的，比如有很多情況后一句話都是為前面的一個定義或者一句話進行解釋，那么這時我們就要學會抓住這種在托福閱讀文章中的關(guān)鍵點，這對于大家解決托福閱讀試題還是很有幫助的，下面就來介紹一下這種解釋關(guān)系。

托福閱讀文章各個段落的主旨句一般是在每段的第一句話，后面的內(nèi)容都是在對這個主旨句的解釋說明，因此明白了這個句間關(guān)系，對于把握段落所講內(nèi)容和快速閱讀文章有很大的幫助，前提條件是確定每個句子是如何具體來解釋這個主旨句的。下面我們來看兩個段落來分析一下。

The subjects of the paintings are mostly animals. The paintings rest on bare walls, with no backdrops or environmental trappings. Perhaps, like many contemporary peoples, Upper Paleolithic men and women believed that the drawing of a human image could cause death or injury, and if that were indeed their belief, it might explain why human figures are rarely depicted in cave art. Another explanation for the focus on animals might be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting. This theory is suggested by evidence of chips in the painted figures, perhaps made by spears thrown at the drawings. But if improving their hunting luck was the chief motivation for the paintings, it is difficult to explain why only a few show signs of having been speared. Perhaps the paintings were inspired by the need to increase the supply of animals. Cave art seems to have reached a peak toward the end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game were decreasing.

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段落的第一句話說畫的對象主要是動物，這是這個段落的主旨句，第二句是來解釋為什么動物是主要的畫的對象，可能是因為他們認為人物畫會造成死傷，所以他們主要畫動物。第二個解釋是發(fā)現(xiàn)有的畫有被矛刺過的裂痕，來說明他們可能是為了提高打獵是的運氣，在畫上練習，來說明為什么畫的大部分是動物，因為是他們要練習打獵，提高命中率。第三個解釋說是為了提高動物的供給，因為發(fā)現(xiàn)當獵物減少的時候，動物畫到達了頂峰，沒有什么就畫什么想得到什么，這是對畫的主要對象是動物的一個解釋。整個段落就是對這個主旨句的解釋，明白了這個，我們對于托福閱讀試題中的小結(jié)題這個段落的主要內(nèi)容就很容易選擇了。

Watt's steam engine soon showed what it could do. It liberated industry from dependence on running water. The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which made possible deeper and deeper mining. The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles, and early in the new century, well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed to gaslit houses and even streets. Iron manufacturers, which had starved for fuel while depending on charcoal, also benefited from ever-increasing supplies of coal: blast furnaces with steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery. Steam became the motive force of the Industrial Revolution as coal and iron ore were the raw materials.

這個段落的第一句話說瓦特的蒸汽機很快就表現(xiàn)出他能做什么，這是這個托福閱讀段落的主旨句，我們來看下面是怎么解釋這個觀點的，第一個是他把工業(yè)從對流水的依賴上解放出來，使得煤挖的更深，這是一個影響。第二個是他的蒸汽機激發(fā)了WM這個人發(fā)明了夜間照明系統(tǒng)。第三個是鐵的制造者也受益了。這是這個段落的句間演繹，題目中的第7題，問作者提到WM發(fā)明的夜間照明系統(tǒng)是為了說明什么，通過對于句間關(guān)系解釋這個分析的運用，目的就很明確，是為了說明瓦特的蒸汽機能干，激發(fā)了WM去思考發(fā)明這個夜間照明系統(tǒng)。

通過這兩個段落的句間關(guān)系之解釋的分析，對于每個段落的主要內(nèi)容，如何快速抓取和驗證對于整個文章的閱讀理解和速度的提高是很大的幫助。 

名師提示，對于托福培訓一定要選擇正規(guī)機構(gòu)，以免由于師資力量薄弱、教學系統(tǒng)不規(guī)范以及其他服務不周等原因，耽誤你寶貴時間及造成不必要的損失。

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