教師解讀托福閱讀考試新題型

新托�？荚嘜G列出了閱讀的10種題型：

1. Factual information questions (純粹細(xì)節(jié))

2. Negative factual information questions (否定細(xì)節(jié))

3. Inference questions (推理題)

4. Rhetorical purpose questions (修辭目的題)

5. Vocabulary questions (詞匯題)

6. Reference questions (指代題)

7. Sentence simplification questions (句子簡(jiǎn)化題)

8. Insert text question (句子插入題)

9. Prose summary (內(nèi)容摘要題)

10. Fill in a table (表格歸類題)

但實(shí)際上，新托�？荚囬喿x當(dāng)中還考了一些OG中沒列舉出來的題目：

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一、段間關(guān)系概括題：這種題目要求考生概括出2個(gè)自然段間的邏輯關(guān)系。比如說《THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION》這篇文章的第6題。

6. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Paragraph2 and Paragraph3?

·Paragraph2 puts forward several scientific claims, one of which is rejected in Paragraph3

·Paragraph2 poses several questions, and Paragraph3 offers a possible answer to one of them

·Paragraph2 presents outdated traditional views, while Paragraph3 presents the current scientific conclusions.

 ·Paragraph2 introduces a generalization that is illustrated by specific examples in Paragraph3

二、修辭手法題：這種題目是修辭目的的變體。OG中大多數(shù)題目只考察一個(gè)詞組的修辭目的，而實(shí)際考試會(huì)對(duì)一句話甚至整段話的修辭目的進(jìn)行考察。一個(gè)是考修辭對(duì)象，一個(gè)是考修辭的手段。比如說，《Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction》這篇文章第2題：

2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?

·To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record

·To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous

·To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous

·To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster

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三、段落結(jié)構(gòu)題：這里題目考查的是文章段落的構(gòu)架，可以算是新題型。比如：《THE ORIGINS OF THEATER》這篇文章的第9題

9. Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 5?

·The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.

·The author argues against theories expressed earlier in the passage.

·The author argues for replacing older theories with a new one.

·The author points out problems with two popular theories.