搶先版！8月16日托福考試托�？谡Z話題預(yù)測

Task 1

1.What type of music do you enjoy most? Explain why you enjoy this type of music.

2. Your university is planning to use electronic books to replace paper books and magazines in its library. What is your opinion about this plan? What are the advantages and disadvantages of replacing paper books or magazines?

Include reasons and examples to support your response.

3. Many college students will get homesick when they go away to college. What do you think college students shoulddo to reduce homesickness? Explain why? Include specific reasons and examples in your response.

4. Your university is planning to allow students to eat snacks in class. What is your opinion and why? What are theadvantages and disadvantages of eating snacks in class? Include reasons and examples to support your response.

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Task 2

1.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It's easier to teach children in primary schools than students in universities. Include reasons and details in your explanation.

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Government should spend money on some projects toencourage citizens to lead healthier lifestyles. Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.

3. Some people believe that a college student should take a wide variety of courses relating to basic knowledge.Others believe that a college student should focus on some specific courses relating to a specific career. What is your opinion on and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

4. Some people prefer to collect old things such as newspaper. Other people prefer to drop them. Which do you preferand why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.

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Task 3

1. 【學(xué)校通知】大學(xué)計(jì)劃在晚間增開當(dāng)代文學(xué)課modern literature，好處1：modern literature 越來越popular 了，把小教室換成大教室，讓更多同學(xué)有機(jī)會上課(be enrolled).好處2：在晚間上課，能讓更多的人來聽�！緦W(xué)生態(tài)度】男生反對。理由1：小教室更方便group discussion，大教室上課，學(xué)生太多，距離遠(yuǎn)了不方便討論，參加group discussion 的機(jī)會就少了，學(xué)生就學(xué)不到很多東西。理由2：晚上上課不現(xiàn)實(shí)，在晚上學(xué)生都有自己的事情（jobs to do）和社交活動（social activities），肯定沒時間來上晚上的課。

2. 【個人倡議】：一個學(xué)生給校報(bào)寫倡議書，說學(xué)校應(yīng)在期末考試復(fù)習(xí)期間cancel 掉在宿舍（dormitory）旁辦的 the comedy show.理由1、comedy show will bring too much noise, disturb students preparing for final exam.the 理由2、因?yàn)榇蟛糠肿稚�都會來看這個comedy show，所以學(xué)校的shuttle bus service will be suspended on that night. This is inconvenient.

【學(xué)生態(tài)度】 女生反對。：理由1：如果嫌寢室太吵，students can go to other classroom like library to study, which

is pretty quiet,是perfect place;理由2, the campus is quite small, it takes only half an hour to walk from one side to another side,校車根本就不是必要的,besides, the comedy show only takes a couple of hours; it s no big deal.

3. 【學(xué)校通知】學(xué)校要建一個 student lounge，：以幫助坐公交往返的同學(xué)(commuter students)。很多學(xué)生commute

from home to campus by bus or by train。這些學(xué)生沒有時間go home between classes. 有了student lounge 好處

（1） 學(xué)生在課間可以休息下，還有LOCKER 可以放書，不用把書搬來搬去。（2）順便還可以張貼一些重要信息，比如train schedule。

【學(xué)生態(tài)度】a. 沒必要，大家就得deal with this problem。宿舍也很遠(yuǎn)，住宿舍的人也會有這種問題，可人家也都每天拿書跑來跑去的。如果給 commuter students 建student lounge，那不就不公平了。（Why should they get special treatment? 原話）。再說了，library 里也有l(wèi)ocker 的，真的需要可以到那里去放書。b. 有其他方法查詢這些信息，比如到網(wǎng)站上去查，或者直接打電話給train station。

4. 【個人倡議】：一個學(xué)生寫倡議書提議學(xué)校應(yīng)該邀請一個學(xué)生組織的jazz band 每天在afternoon 在學(xué)校的草坪上 on the open lawn 在舉行免費(fèi)concert，給下午課間休息的同學(xué)提供relaxation。

【學(xué)生態(tài)度】：女生反對此提議。理由1、（weixin:laoxikou）她認(rèn)為afternoon is not the best time，應(yīng)改到晚上舉行，因?yàn)榇蠹野滋於加姓n或讀書，開音樂會產(chǎn)生的 noise will disturb others。evening 聽音樂會感覺will feel relaxed.理由2、她認(rèn)為音樂會應(yīng)該在indoor will be better,因?yàn)樵趌awn 上開音樂會，太多人上lawn 上走，花花草草grass 會被踩死，最后草坪就變成全是泥mud 了。

關(guān)鍵詞：預(yù)測 托�？荚� 托福口語 8月16日 機(jī)經(jīng)

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Task 4

1.【名詞解釋】behavior exposure（暴露療法）：kids 可能因?yàn)閾?dān)心（concerning about） negative consequence 而fear to do something new.鼓勵他們try new things gradually 讓他們意識到positive consequence 他們就會overcome their fear with the new things

【教授舉例】 .教授舉了自己11 歲兒子：Tommy 的例子.His family 剛moved to Los Angeles, some neighbor kids played outside(riding bicycles). He found that his son 趴在窗戶上看外面鄰居小孩在騎自行車并且wanted to join them but also feared to do so，然后教授就循序漸進(jìn)鼓勵兒子：他先是帶兒子去買冰淇淋（He brought his son to a store to buy some ice-cream），之后鼓勵兒子對騎自行車路過的小朋友打招呼說HI（Then he asked him to say hi to the neighbor kids when they are passing by them）。友善的小朋友也回復(fù)說Hi. On the way back, the professor recommended his son to compliment on neighbor kids bicycles.結(jié)果下一次遇到小朋友之后，After they returned home, his son asked the professor if he could go out to play with the neighbor kids.幾天后，教授就聽兒子說交到了好朋友。

2. 【名詞解釋】aggressive recruiting:是一種營銷策略，businesses new customers by offering a special deal in a limited period.

【教授舉例】教授舉了一個例子:一個gym 對新會員offered a free month of personal training for the first section, 就是教你科學(xué)健身how to work out scientifically.什么樣的life style 是healthy life style 等。一個月后，優(yōu)惠沒了，有人不交錢了，退出了 some stopped;但大部分most 人已經(jīng)被motivated 并被吸引來了，會留下來continue to pay for the program. Finally, the number of members increased.問題:用教授給的例子來解釋閱讀中的技巧。

3. 【名詞解釋】：anticipated emotion (預(yù)期情緒）Before making decisions, people will predict what would happen after the decision,然后根據(jù)這個估測決定自己是不是要做那件事。

【教授舉例】：教授舉了1 個例子。教授once he want to attend his sister's birthday party so he decided to go shopping for the gift, when he went into store shopping. He found a very nice jacket and he wanted to buy it for himself. Actually, he has no enough money.就比較猶豫。If he spent the money on the jacket,就只能buy a smaller and cheaper gift for his sister.他predicted 如果他真的pay for the jacket, he would feel guilty for his sister,所以最后還是put back jacket。Put my sister in the first place he bought a very nice gift for his sister.

4. 【名詞解釋】：planning fallacy (規(guī)劃謬誤）：人們在定計(jì)劃的時候，總是不把突發(fā)情況potential problems 的時間算進(jìn)去，導(dǎo)致最終不能準(zhǔn)時完成任務(wù)。

【教授舉例】：教授舉了關(guān)于自己的一個例子：教授多年前，在上大學(xué)的時候，他的教授a ample of months in advance 布罝給他10 pages of history paper，but 教授thought himself a fast worker，很快可以寫完，于是he didn t start writing his paper until the day before the due day (deadline)。到圖書館找資料，回去寫一半發(fā)現(xiàn)資料不夠。再去圖書館，結(jié)果圖書館己經(jīng)關(guān)門了。第二天該交paper，只能延期交。最后雖然教授覺得他的paper 內(nèi)容很好，他還是得了個很低的分?jǐn)?shù)。

Task 5

1.【學(xué)生困難】女生要在the day after tomorrow 把她自己做的homework：a clay bowl 交給pottery course 教授。但是，this morning she accidentally broke the pottery the into 3 pieces.

【解決方案】女生自己說出兩個方案：方案 1. glue the pieces together 后交給教授but there will be some cracks on it 教授會看出來，她擔(dān)心get a low grade 雖然她并不是art major 但是她真的很想做到最好，方案2. start over again to make new one，但女生說只剩兩天時間了，而且她這兩天gets another final exam to prepare，所以可能時間不夠。

2.【學(xué)生困難】女生要在校報(bào)上publish a paper about history of university 但editor 說她paper 寫得too long to publish.

【解決方案】女生自己說出她的 adviser（可以理解為論文的指導(dǎo)老師）給她的兩個方案：方案1.just print 文章的一部分，刪掉一半 cut off the paper to make it shorter 就能立即出版。但女生覺得她花了lots of work to write this paper,每個部分都很重要even included some interview in it,不愿意cut，只能把文章的形式弄成summary 了。方案2.發(fā)表(publish)到summer issue。女生擔(dān)心效果不好，because not everybody attend to summer school and 朋友放假離開學(xué)校了，教授和朋友們都不太可能看到她的paper.

3.【學(xué)生困難】：男生在spring break 要去Spain 旅游，準(zhǔn)備拍照，但是數(shù)碼相機(jī)digital camera 丟了。

【解決方案】：兩個方案：女生說方案1、再買個新的。缺點(diǎn)是：很貴，旅游還要花錢。男生說他沒有enough money。男生自己說方案2、問朋友jack 借一個。缺點(diǎn)是：怕弄壞broken 或弄丟stolen。轉(zhuǎn)述女的困難和方案，你的建議及理由。

4.【學(xué)生困難】男生Mike 暑假留校做一summer job, as research assistant,幫biology professor 干活他 rented：，a room off campus。但他不能用那room 里的kitchen。沒法做飯cook。

【解決方案】：男生說出方案1、跑去住在附近的一個friend 的apartment 那里做飯。但男生覺得老在朋友家里吃飯很weird；很不方便。女生說出方案2、去學(xué)校的cafeteria sign up for a summer meal plan。不是很貴， 3 meals/day, 這樣就不用buy food 了。男生說覺得cafeteria 離他遠(yuǎn)。

Task 6

1. 【講課要點(diǎn)】猴子 monkeys 常年棲息在樹上，需獲取水源來生存.獲取水源有兩祌方法：來源1、食物： 食物里含有很多水分，absorb moisture from foods,所以他們無需再另外喝水.舉例：hobe(一種猴子的名字，此拼寫為回憶，屏幕上會出現(xiàn)) monkeys 以吃樹葉為生，他們愛吃很嫩的樹葉(tender leaves)，嫩葉新鮮多汁，所以它們可以獲取足夠水分，不喝水也沒有問題。來源 2、雨水：雨后，找到存留在樹葉上的水洼，以補(bǔ)充水分，舉例：spider monkeys 生活的地方有一種特殊plant，葉子呈杯子cup-shaped leaves，雨后，這種葉子上會有很多積水，猴子可以用這種葉子作容器接水喝。

2【講課要點(diǎn)】：不能move free 的海底動物sea bottom dwellers(dwellers 的本意為居住者)捕食的方法有兩種：第一種、active method：主要是靠像爪子一樣的毒須去抓食物。舉例：�？鹲ea anemone：雖然自己不能動，它身上有tentacle(觸手)卻是可以動的，這樣fish 來了以后它可以sting on the object 給食物注射毒液，并使動物paralyzed，捉住fish。第二種、passive method，舉例：牡蠣oyster，雖然呆在shell 里不動。坐等sea waves 把tiny particles 沖到opening shell 里，坐享其成。

3.【講課要點(diǎn)】：大多數(shù)昆蟲parent insect lay eggs 后不久就離開了，baby 們就會很helpless。給孵出的幼蟲提供充足食物supply food to feed young,有兩種方法：方法1、parents lay eggs 之前，先給the young gather and store enough food 在nest 里，然后再飛走。這樣，等幼蟲孵出后就可以直接在巢里吃了。舉例：potter wasp 陶工黃蜂，它們們建完巢以后，就會去找各種食物放在巢里，再下蛋。方法2、昆蟲可以把巢駐在里很近的食物來源supply 充足的location，然后在那里生egg。舉例：butterfly 蝴蝶，花很多時間四處找evaluate 靠近食物的地方，然后一邊筑巢產(chǎn)卵。幼蟲孵出后就可以很容易地得到食物。

4.【講課要點(diǎn)】關(guān)于Animals communication 的，講animal 在hatch 之前用兩種方法交流。:方法1：當(dāng)有很多eggs 的時候，it is very important that 這些eggs 在同一個時間被hatch 出來，而不會出現(xiàn)hatch 晚的baby 被媽媽遺棄了。比如ducks，一個duck 要hatch 了，就會發(fā)出clicking noise，其他的ducks 也會發(fā)出同樣聲音，告訴媽媽我們都要出來了，別把我們忘了的意思。方法2：讓媽媽幫助自己成功地破殼出來。比如crocodile，他的 eggs 是埋在mud 里的，baby crocodile 要破殼出來的時候，就會scratch the inside of the shell 告訴媽媽，然后鱷魚媽媽就會把mud remove 掉，否則baby crocodile 出不來。

關(guān)鍵詞：預(yù)測 托�？荚� 托�？谡Z 8月16日 機(jī)經(jīng)

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