12種雅思小作文主體段寫作思路

只要準備得當，雅思寫作也會有經(jīng)驗可循，根據(jù)“好的開始是成功的一半”的鐵律，于雅思考試寫作部分的主體段開篇寫作，我們可以給你提供如下幾種思路：

這里所說的開篇，并不是單指第一句話，而是最初的第一個到第三個句子的寫法，正確寫好了開篇，對于后面的寫作是非常有幫助的。

1. 起始點

起始點主要運用于動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)圖表，它包含2種寫作思路，第一種是描寫數(shù)據(jù)大小，用詞組stand at來寫，以時間狀語開始，主語為表示數(shù)據(jù)的名詞：

1). In 1997, the number of new UK graduates stood at approximately 20000.

但是當起始點為2個以上數(shù)據(jù)時，我們就要先寫最大的那個數(shù)據(jù)，然后再將其和另外的數(shù)據(jù)進行對比：

2). In 1960, the proportion of population aged 15-46 stood at 65 percent, compared to 30 percent and 5 percent of other two age groups.

或者我們還可以根據(jù)前面章節(jié)提到的準備知識點中的處理靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)的句型來寫：

3). In 1960, the proportion of population aged 15-46 stood at 65 percent. By comparison, the percentages of other two age groups were 30 percent and 5 percent respectively.

起始點的另外一種寫法稱為：“起點表象意義”，它必須結合數(shù)據(jù)的實際含義來寫，比如上述 的2個題目，第一個起點的“表象意義”為在1997年總共有2萬名大學生從大學畢業(yè)，我們只需用一個簡單句將這個意思寫出來即可：

4). In 1997, a total of 20000 new graduates graduated from UK universities.

而第2個題目的起點“表象意義”就比較復雜了，它可以從2個角度來說，一是在1960年時大約有65%的日本人口在15到46這個年齡段里;另外一個意思可以是1960年時15到46歲的年齡段的人口占了日本總人口的65%。這2個意思其實都非常不錯，但是在轉換成英文的時候就會使用到前面章節(jié)中的2個準備知識點，一是表示占據(jù)的動詞，二是百分比作主語時的學術轉換：

5). In 1960, the 15-46 age group constituted 65 percent of the Japanese population./ In 1960, slightly below two thirds of the Japanese population were in the 15-46 age group.

6). In 1961, only slightly over one third of the British families owned one car.

7). In 1961, most British families did not own cars, with only around 35 percent owning one car.

而另外2個數(shù)據(jù)的寫法和第一種里的是一致的，區(qū)別主要在第一個數(shù)據(jù)的表達上。根據(jù)老師的經(jīng)驗，起點“表象意義”寫法其實是有一定的寫作套路的，通過下面幾個例子大家可以逐漸熟悉并掌握這些套路：

8). In 1950, a total of 20 million barrels of oil were discovered worldwide.

9). In 1962, around 20000 people became UK citizens.

10). In 1950, a total of 25000 science fiction books were loaned. By comparison, the figures of other two categories were only 5000 and 3000 respectively.

11). In 1911, there were a total of 25000 male prisoners in this country, compared to only 4500 female prisoners. 在這句話的寫法基礎上，我們還可以通過倍數(shù)關系的描寫來引導出女性囚犯的數(shù)量，具體寫法可參考前面章節(jié)中的準備知識點。

2. 最大值

最大值的寫法既適用于動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)圖表，也可以運用于靜態(tài)圖表，所有的最大值都是以其數(shù)據(jù)“表象意義”為主，和起始點表象意義相對比較廣比較多不同的是最大值表象意義的意思概括相對很有套路，一般可以從以下幾個思路入手：最受歡迎;最主要的原因;最大的開銷類別;最高級。在引導這些最大值的時候，我們一般也可以加入一些句型結構來使其句型更復雜。這類句型主要以名詞性從句為主，比如：It is clear that; It is noticeable that; The most significant feature is that;

1). It is clear that the percentage of lectures with PHD qualification is the highest at college C, at 60 percent. By comparison, the proportions of college A and college B are 45 percent and 35 percent respectively.

2). It is noticeable that the percentage of persons under 18 years old was the highest in Utah, at 32.2 percent. By comparison, the proportions of other two states were 27.3 percent and 22.8 percent respectively.

如果用最高級寫的話還有另外一種方法：

3). It is noticeable that nearly one third of the residents in Utah were under 18 years old, which was the highest among the three states.

4). It is noticeable that TV obtained the highest popularity among the general population. A total of 4hrs 28min was spent on watching TV, which accounted for over half of the total hours.

“最受歡迎”的寫法除了我們常用的be the most popular以外，還可以參考上述例子中的obtain/gain the highest popularity的寫法，靈活使用簡單句來表達相同的意思。

5). The most significant feature is that commerce was the most popular sector for the young people among all the industries. In 1990, it recruited nearly 30 percent of the young employees, which rose sharply to around 38 percent in 2000.

這是個動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)圖表，除了描寫最大值的“表象意義”外，我們還要繼續(xù)將數(shù)據(jù)的動態(tài)變化描寫出來，這時候，我們也要注意結合數(shù)據(jù)實際含義使用一些合理的動詞，比如上述例子中recruit一詞的用法就很靈活，我們還可以用hire等意思相近的詞替換。

6). The most significant feature is that air travel was the most popular type of transport for the Japanese visitors who traveled to New Zealand, with nearly 90 percent of them choosing this mode.

在這句話中，我們要注意作者對于最大值數(shù)據(jù)大小的描述方式，即用介賓短語。相似的寫法我們再來看一個例子：

7). The most significant feature is that football obtained the highest popularity among the Australian boys, with the participation rate in playing football reaching 20 percent. This is in stark contrast with the figure of girls, at only 2 percent.

在這個例子中，我們表述完最大值后可以根據(jù)題目的數(shù)據(jù)關系將最小值與其進行對比，這樣的效果更佳。

8). The most significant feature is that the number of Internet connection was the largest in South Korea. In 2001, over 15 out of 1000 people had access to the Internet and this figure rose quickly to almost 25 per 1000 people in 2002.

9). It is noticeable that over-cultivation is the leading cause of land degradation in North America, which is responsible for over half of its degraded land.

在這個題目最大值的表述中，比重最大的那個數(shù)據(jù)背后的含義可以用最主要的原因來寫，結合數(shù)據(jù)的大小就有了上述的寫法，后面那句定語從句的使用在靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)中經(jīng)常用來替換介賓短語。

10). It is clear that sending and receiving emails is the main reason for people who use the Internet, with the percentages of all the age groups being at around 39 percent respectively.

在這個表格數(shù)據(jù)最大值的表象意義描述中，我們一定要注意用“收發(fā)電子郵件”來作為主語，而千萬不要只用電子郵件作為主語，所以在平時的訓練中我們要注意對于一些常見含義的總結，以求在考場中根據(jù)當時的數(shù)據(jù)迅速做出判斷。

11). The most significant feature is that teachers' pay was the biggest category of spending for this university. In 1981, it accounted for 40 percent of the total expenditure, which shot up to 55 percent in 1991.

這又是一個非常重要的最大值表象意義的寫法思路，最大的開銷類別，除了用category以外，還可以使用item，而開銷或支出還能用outlay來替換。由于是動態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)，所以可以按照前面一個例子的句型使用定語從句來表述。

12). It is clear that the growth rate was the quickest in the annual salary of the fire fighter. When they started working, they could earn a yearly income of 20000 pounds, but this rose rapidly to around 27000 pounds three years.

這是按照幅度最大描寫的一個經(jīng)典實例，在描寫動態(tài)變化時，老師并沒有采用前面幾個例子中的定語從句，而是用but連接一個簡單句表述，大家不妨可以思考下其中的緣由。